How globalisation can have different impacts on various groups within Essay

How globalisation can have different impacts on various groups within the same country - Essay Example How globalisation can have different impacts on various groups within the same country? Improved transport and communication has facilitated trade between countries turning the world into a global village prompting a lot of debate with proponents arguing that globalization is essential for economic growth and elimination of poverty while opponents argue that globalization is undermining the role of the state hence eliminating sovereignty of nations. He argues that the advancement in technology enables suppliers in one part of the globe to satisfy the demands of consumers in other parts of the globe thus increasing the magnitude of globalization. Boyes & Melvin view globalization as increase in cross-border flow of goods and services, and increased mobility of technology, information and individuals. According to Lerman & Schmidt, globalization is not a new phenomenon but has been in existence since the First World War but has increased in speed and intensity in recent past. It leads to convergence of nations politically, economically, socially and culturally. It is char acterized by increased international trade, foreign direct investments, capital flows, migration of population, and flow of knowledge. It has led to overdependence among nations especially poor countries dependence on rich nations. Globalization has opened doors to trade by removing barriers resulting in a lot of competition in domestic markets and providing opportunities for firms to expand into the global arena. There are also increased mergers and acquisitions as competition increases as well as establishment of multinational companies. Globalization has also been in the lime light as the cause of the recent financial crisis due to integration of financial markets and increasing ineffectiveness of the monetary and fiscal policy. Many anti-globalization campaigns have been on the rise as it is argued that it enhances income inequalities and unemployment (Ehrenberg, 1994). The paper discusses the effects of globalization on various groups in USA. Globalization in USA USA is conside red as the most globalized nation. It is a capitalistic state or free market economy and hence governed by the forces of demand and supply and open to competition from all quarters nationally and internationally. The value of foreign trade in USA continues to rise as the effects are felt everywhere especially the less developed countries. For example, the value of merchandise exports 1950 was 4% of gross domestic product (GDP) same as that of merchandise imports. Recently the value of merchandise exports is 8% of GDP while that of imports is 11% of GDP. The exchange of services which was not common in 1950s is now in existence enhanced by improvement in information technology. Outsourcing in 1960 accounted for only 1.7% of the value of services produced in USA and sold to foreigners but by 1997 it had risen to 5.1% showing how globalization is extending at fast pace (Boudreaux, 2008: 8). Deregulation of the financial sector is another phenomenon in USA. The financial sector has thus increased in fragility leading to financial instability and vulnerability to external shocks. The deregulation of banking industry has partly been blamed for the current global financial crisis. The banks engaged in sub prime mortgages and securitization of the mortgages without a limit leading to collapse of the institutions as a result of bursting of the housing bubble. This effect was transmitted to other parts of the economy and the world as a whole through integration of world financial markets (Brewer & Boyd, 2000). According to Pryor (2000), there is a change in the location of trade transactions in the USA from business people to multinational companies. He alleges that

The Mother Essay Example for Free

The Mother Essay â€Å"The Mother: Remember the children you got that you did not get† Gwendolyn Brooks’ poem â€Å"The Mother† is ambiguous and totally unexpected. The narrator starts by speaking about abortion in a very accusatory tone. In the first part of the poem the narrator uses second person language and accuses mothers of getting abortions and talks about how all the mothers will be missing out on seeing their children grow. She is talking to readers about abortions in general. She talks to mothers and patronizes them, â€Å"Abortions will never let you forget. You remember the children you got that you did not get.† (1-2), she starts the poem with a paradox. The narrator sounds like an antiabortion and will speak for having a child; but as the poem came to an ending it seemed like she is trying to justify her own actions. As the poem goes on the speaker suddenly changes her language and starts to talk about herself in a first person language. She explains how she cannot forget how many children she has killed. From the second part of the poem she starts to talk about her children, which meant that she had not one but multiple abortions and now is haunted by it. She starts to talk about her pain and loss about not having a child, â€Å"I have heard in the voices of the wind the voices of my dim killed children. I have contracted. I have eased. My dim dears at the breasts they could never suck. I have said, Sweets, if I sinned, if I seized your luck† (11-15). In these lines the speaker starts to blame herself; and then the tone becomes angry and helpless, â€Å"If I stole your births and your names, Your straight baby tears and your games, Your stilted or lovely loves, your tumults, your marriages, aches, and your deaths† (17-20). In these last few lines she again is listing out the things she will miss about her children and reminds the readers that she is full aware of the things and is regretful, but she still does the abortion. Along with the title of the poem there is another irony here, she says she stole their deaths by not letting them grow, she is saying she did not naturally let them die and had killed them herself before they were born. Our class had an intense conversation about the lines â€Å"If I poisoned the beginnings of your breaths, Believe that even in my deliberateness I was not deliberate .† (21-22), someone had suggested about how there is another paradox here. The tone has once again changed and she again tries to justify herself and her actions. She tries to explain that even though she had gone through with the procedure and succeeded in getting the abortion, it was not what she had  intended. Later on the narrator starts to sound very hypocritical, â€Å"Though why should I whine, Whines that the crime was other than mine? Since anyhow you are dead.† (23-25). Here the speaker is stressing over her own words, one moment her tone is sad and regretful and the next she is saying that there is no point as the child is already dead. The mother started the poem by accusing others of getting rid of their unborn, then she directly starts to talk to her dead children and now she is reasoning with herself about getting an abortion. She talks about a crime but does not call herself a criminal; somehow she tried to sound like the victim. She questioned if it was another’s fault. She tries hard not to take the blame on herself; in that particular line she is possibly implying that there may have been another person in th e scene that had made her do this, but none were mentioned, which indicates she is just looking for a way to share the blame with someone else, so that shame is not heavy on her. Once the mother’s intensions were established the tension between the mother and her unborn children and abortion was pretty luminous. She claims to have multiple abortions and explains her grief about giving up her children, yet she never apologized. She cannot get over the ghosts of all the children and is haunted by what could have happened, yet she is not apologetic, she never once mentioned that maybe she should have changed her mind and kept one child. Before she ends the poem she says, â€Å"Is faulty: oh, what shall I say, how is the truth to be said? You were born, you had body, you died. It is just that you never giggled or planned or cried.† (29-31). In those lines she tries to speak the truth and tries to accept that each child had a body and lived but it died. She even says it is faulty, but still does not blame herself for the abortions. She ends the poem by saying, â€Å"Believe me, I loved you all. Believe me, I knew you, though faintly, and I loved, I loved you All.† (32-34). It seems as though she tries to sound like a loving mother and tries to tell her unborn children that she loved them and vaguely knew them. Works Cited Brooks, Gwendolyn. The Mother. Poets.org. Academy of American Poets, n.d. Web. 15 Feb. 2014.

Lord Of The Flies, An Analysis :: essays research papers

People are privileged to live in an advanced stage of development known as civilization. In a civilization, one’s life is bound by rules that are meant to tame its savage natures. A humans possesses better qualities because the laws that we must follow instill order and stability within society. This observation, made by William Golding, dictates itself as one of the most important themes of Lord of the Flies. The novel demonstrates the great need for civilization ion in life because without it, people revert back to animalistic natures. When the children become stranded on the island, the rules of society no longer apply to them. Without the supervision of their parents or of the law, the primitive nature of the boys surfaces, and their lives begin to fall apart. The downfall starts with their refusal to gather things for survival. The initial reaction of the boys is to swim, run, jump, and play. They do not wish to build shelters, gather food, or keep a signal fire going. Consequently, the boys live without luxury that could have been obtained had they maintained a society on the island. Instead, these young boys take advantage of their freedom and life as they knew it deteriorates. The boys spark the onset of tragedy when the pig hunt evolves as more than just an activity. Jack and his band of hunters love the thrill of the chase. They spend much of their day searching the pig runs enjoying the brutality they cause on other living beings. This amusement is taken too far when Jack introduces face paint into the game. The face paint takes away the identities of the boys and transforms them into nameless savages. They hide behind the paint â€Å"liberated from shame and self-consciousness† (Golding 64). Jack’s mask overpowers the rest of the boys and they go off to hunt despite some discontent. Eventually, the painted warriors ready a fortress at one end of the island. This tribe brings nothing but death and destruction to the island. Moreover, the newly formed group of warriors even develop a dance that they perform over the carcass of the dead pig. They become so involved in this dance that that warriors kill one of their own kind. By chance, Simon runs from the forest towards the group that is already shouting â€Å"‘Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood!’† (152).

Visual Argumentation: Gary McCoy’s Political Cartoon

The election fever has once again struck the land. Now more than ever, nationwide attention has started to zero in – quite lopsidedly in fact – on key political figures such as Barack Obama and John McCain. The two have been landing in major news headlines, as well as figuring in major media outfits as they try hard to convey their respective political programs to the public. As expected, they too – as indeed their proposed policies – have been subjected to a numberless of analyses, if not criticisms from all fronts; from television to radio shows, news magazines to dailies, as well as in various rallies and party conventions. One potent example of such analyses or criticisms is an editorial cartoon. Despite being just a single drawing about certain persons or issues, it nevertheless conveys powerful statements. For this paper, it would be wise to take Gary McCoy’s political cartoon, specifically depicting Barack Obama, as a specific example to concretely cite the case in point. Gary McCoy’s Caricature of Barack Obama It has to be firstly mentioned that the strength of an editorial cartoon lies in its ability to both convey the message hidden in the scene it portrays and engender â€Å"an opinion about someone or something prominent in the news† (Cartoon 217). But any evaluation of a political cartoon would also have to make a factual description of the piece as it is drawn – i. e. , a description of the cartoon as it appears. This entails suspending inherent biases, immediate judgments or initial impressions that one may already develop at the first sight of the cartoon. Gary McCoy’s caricature of Barack Obama portrays the politician while giving a speech. Therein, Obama’s face is visibly elongated; his forehead and chin thinly protruding. His right hand holds a microphone while his left hand is raised and points – that is, using his point finger – on to his supposed audience. Atop Obama is a speech-balloon which reads: â€Å"Random noun, miscellaneous verbs, blah, blah, Hope, Change†. Two creatures that appear to be kangaroos donned in coat and tie are portrayed talking to each other down the left corner. The creature to the right talks to his companion with the words: â€Å"This is getting easier by the minute†. While another balloon referenced to Barack’s supposed audience reads: â€Å"Cheer! Applause!! Yeaa!! Cheer!! Applause!! † The audience is depicted nowhere in the cartoon. It seems needless to argue that the cartoon is effective in conveying its message to its audience. This is because at first sight, one can already glean from the cartoon the central argument which it carries: that it is a criticism of Barack Obama in the first place, and the entire political system of the United States along the same vein. First, it is evident that McCoy makes a statement against Barack Obama. It can be specifically against his political strategy or the direction into which his campaign particularly treads. As indeed, the criticism can very well be against his innate giftedness to rouse a political audience, him being a gifted orator to say the least. â€Å"Random nouns and miscellaneous verbs† represents McCoy’s perception that Obama either has run out of new ideas to offer or does not have anything substantial to say in the very first place. In fact, the two kangaroos bolster the criticism being leveled. This is getting easier by the minute† appears to say that many people have in fact become used to, or have gotten tired of hearing Obama talk about his hope and change messages. The cartoon may very well be a statement against Obama’s credibility; for to imply that Obama’s hope and change messages – read: his main benchmarks – barely say anything is tantamount to saying that the heart and soul of his political agenda is ber eft of sense and direction altogether. Second, the cartoon is likewise effective in drawing related reactions beyond the intended Obama criticism. On the one hand, the cartoon is also a criticism of the people’s implied gullibility or perceived lack of critical thought in receiving Barack Obama. Obama, as mentioned, is a gifted speaker. And many people, it needs to be argued, are drawn to persons who can comport themselves authoritatively in public conventions and rallies. The cartoon therefore takes on how people appear unable to go beyond Obama’s charisma as a speaker. This is most notably seen in how the cartoon depicts the crowd applauding Obama’s speech, despite its implied lack of reasonable substance. McCoy therefore implies that, on account of this tendency, the general public is not able to give Obama’s message much needed second thoughts. On the other hand, it would be wise to cite that the cartoon can also be interpreted as a statement against the manner by which politics is exercised in this country. The conversation of the two kangaroos is telling – â€Å"this is getting easier by the minute† may be taken as a an unfortunate resignation over a political exercise marked by lack of substance on the part of politicians and lack of depth on the part of the voting public. If taken into this context, the cartoon may not specifically be against Barack Obama as the whole political system of the United States. Far from being offensive, the cartoon can in fact be ultimately taken as McCoy’s call to reform the exercise of politics in this country. Conclusion This paper now concludes that Gary McCoy’s political cartoon is effective in conveying its message to its audience. At the very least, the cartoon is clear in that it depicts its message without much ambiguity. In the discussions which were developed, it was learned that the cartoon is firstly a criticism against Barack Obama. As it depicts the politician’s speech as something that consists in nothing but the recurrent rhetoric on hope and change, the cartoon therefore implies that Obama either has nothing new to say or his message has no substance. But far from being offensive, it is also argued that the cartoon may be taken as McCoy’s call to reform the political practice of this country.

A Comparative Study of Two Shampoo Brands Based on General Consumer-Related Qualities

A blind comparison of two brand-name shampoos was performed using two selected subjects that have been pre-determined to be willing to participate in the study.   The brand-name shampoos included in this investigation were ClairolTM Herbal Essences and Tresemmà © TM.Each shampoo brand was used daily by the participant for an entire week.   Overall evaluation of each shampoo brand was performed through the completion of a questionnaire.Shampoo quality scores were determined to be higher for Clairol TM Herbal Essences than for Tresemmà © TM.   In addition, the participants’ response rate to the Clairol TM was faster than Tresemmà ©TM, suggesting the Clairol TM Herbal Essences is a better shampoo brand.IntroductionHair quality and appearance has long been considered as a major factor in personal appearance.   In both men and women, several aspects of hair maintenance are given substantial attention, including style, color, shampoo, conditioner, treatments and accessori es such as gels, spritzes and sprays.There is a continuous increase in the number of brands of shampoos, and the consumer is generally overwhelmed and confused with which brand or even type of shampoo would be most beneficial to their personal hair care needs.Such settings warrant the comparative study of specific brands and types of shampoos for the benefit and understanding of the public consumer (Rapaport, 1981; Rigopoulous et al., 2007).This study aims to compare two shampoo brands that are commonly found in the local pharmacy or grocery, and determine which brand provides a greater hair improvement as well as better hair maintenance.Materials and methodsTwo brand-name shampoos were selected for inclusion in this comparative investigation:   Clairol TM Herbal Essences and Tresemmà © TM.   Two subjects who previously gave their consent to participate in this investigation were given an unlabeled bottle of shampoo that contained either Clairol TM Herbal Essences or Tresemmà ©TM.Such blind setting was designed to avoid bias among the participants.   The subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire (Appendix A) upon handing out the shampoo, and were also asked to use the shampoo daily for an entire week.At the end of the week, the participants were asked to complete a second questionnaire (Appendix B).   Each question had an equivalent score of 10 points and the total score of 100 points can be calculated for each brand of shampoo.ResultsEvaluation of responses of each participant was evaluated and the total score was determined for each brand-name shampoo.   Clairol TM Herbal Essences received a higher total score than Tresemmà ©TM, suggesting that Clairol TM Herbal Essences was a better brand-name shampoo to the consumer based on the shampoo qualitites enumerated in the questionnaire.It was also determined that ClairolTM Herbal Essences showed a faster improvement rate than Tresemmà ©TM, wherein the participants hair quality improved upon on e application of the shampoo.DiscussionHair maintenance has been an important factor in the personal hygiene of every individual (Trueb and the Swiss Trichology Study Group, 2001).   Several factors have been determined to play key roles in successful hair maintenance, including haircuts and styling, washing and conditioning, as well as hair dying and curling (Trueb, 2007).There are currently a huge number of shampoo brands out in the market, and the consumer is generally overwhelmed and confused in terms of choice of the best brand for their personal use.   This study aimed to compare two brands of shampoos that are commonly sold at local pharmacies and groceries.Using a blind study of brand-name shampoos and two participants, we were able to compare the qualities of Clairol TM Herbal Essences and Tresemmà ©TM, including consumer satisfaction, sudsing and hair softness.It has been shown that ClairolTM Herbal Essences remains to be a consumer’s choice, based on the total overall score shown in the evaluation of the questionnaire completed by the participants after one week of usage of the shampoo.This study has also shows that it is possible to compare a specific brand of shampoo with another brand using a short-term exposure treatment.   However, the study also shows some limitations because the study population is very small and the treatment time was too short.This investigative tool may serve as a model for future large-scale and prolonged-treatment investigations.ReferencesRapaport M (1981):   A randomized, controlled clinical trial of four anti-dandruff shampoos.   J. Int. Med. Res. 9(2):152-6.Rigopoulos D, Gregoriou S, Kontochristopoulos G, Ifantides A, Katsambas A.Mycoses (2007): Flutrimazole shampoo 1% versus ketoconazole shampoo 2% in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor. A randomised double-blind comparative trial. Mycoses   50(3):193-5.Trà ¼eb RM (2007):   Shampoos: ingredients, efficacy and adverse effects.   J. Dtsch. D ermatol. Ges. 5(5):356-65.Trà ¼eb RM and the Swiss Trichology Study Group (2001):   The value of hair cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.   Dermatology  Ã‚   202(4):275-82.

Poetry Contrast Between Poems Essays

Poetry Contrast Between Poems Essays Poetry Contrast Between Poems Paper Poetry Contrast Between Poems Paper Poetry is a way of representing values and beleifs of the Author through poetic techniques such as Personification, Repetition, Alliteration, Rhythm, Antonym, Synanym, Assonance, Rhetorical questions highlighting on the authors ideologies . My country by Dorothea Mckellar written in 1904 and The New true anthem by kevin gilbert written inhave both contructed two different representations of Australian landscape. This essay will compare and contrast these two Australian poems, explaining how these poets ideologies differ surrounding Australian landscape. Because of the ideological positions of the poets they have constructed two completely different representations of Australia Mckellar uses romantasized notions to influence the audience to see Australia in a positive light, silencing Australians destructive nature, Mckellar invites an Australian audience to share and identify with her feelings by saying that those who are not Australian would not understand the love she feels. By offering this invitation, she has constructed a poem that speaks to our national identity: if we understand what she is trying to communicate, then we are Australians. Whereas Gilbert focusses on the negative visual imagery and the abuse of the landscape by the people, to get people to align with his point of veiw, silencing the beautiful nature of Australian landscape Kevin Gilbert is an indigeneous poet responding to Mckellars poem, reflecting what European civilization has done to the natural landscape. Both poems reinforce particualr ideologies, influencing the audience to align with their values and beliefs- Which ones state in concluding sentence Mckellar poem my country Through the use of poetic devices to further emphasise her message to the audience, which is of Australia being this untammed beautiful country, Mckellar uses postive representations to enhance the flow of the peice. When reading My Counrty the poem brings to mind Australias natural assets. The beauty in the land and varied landscapes which feed into you as a resident of this country. Her joy is infectious. The visual imagery Her affection for this country has an extremety bourne in and of the land itself. She loves the good of it: the sweeping plains, the mountains and the jewel-sea and all the resplendent beauty there for you to see. Her love takes in and encompasses the bad: the droughts, and floods, the terrors of living in her country, even the expanse brownness within it. She shows a knowledge of her country and an attraction to the country, and not a fantastic, idealised version of the same. This injects a realism that wouldnt otherwise exist in this poem. It helps you believe that the place she describes is real, not imagined. is telling how she repeats this the line Core of my heart, my country! and identifies herself with the flood, fire and famine as well as the golden rainbow. Even as she recognises the bad so too the good does not escape her attention. The generosity of the land is noted as it pays us back threefold and its so clear that you can see the plants growing. Rhyme. The second and fourth lines in each stanza rhyme; so do the sixth and eighth. Analogy. She uses it mainly in her imagery (jewel-sea, The drumming of an army,/The steady, soaking rain), but it is worth separate note. Personification. For example, the thirsty paddocks, referring to the country as she.

Account of the Gold Discovered in California in 1848

Account of the Gold Discovered in California in 1848 When the 50th anniversary of California Gold Rush approached there was great interest in locating any eyewitnesses to the event who might still be alive. Several individuals claimed to have been with James Marshall when he first found a few gold nuggets while building a sawmill for adventurer and land baron John Sutter. Most of these accounts were greeted with skepticism, but it was generally agreed that an old man named Adam Wicks, who was living in Ventura, California, could reliably tell the story of how gold was first discovered in California on January 24, 1848. The New York Times published an interview with Wicks on December 27, 1897, approximately a month before the 50th anniversary. Wicks recalled arriving in San Francisco by ship in the summer of 1847, at the age of 21: I was charmed with the wild new country, and decided to stay, and I’ve never been out of the state from that time. Along in October 1847, I went with several young fellows up the Sacramento River to Sutter’s Fort, at what is now the City of Sacramento. There were about 25 white people at Sutter’s Fort, which was merely a stockade of timbers as a protection from assaults by Indians.Sutter was the richest American in central California at the time, but he had no money. It was all in land, timber, horses, and cattle. He was about 45 years old, and was full of schemes for making money by selling his timber to the United States government, which had just come into possession of California. That is why he was having Marshall build the sawmill up in Columale (later known as Coloma).I knew James Marshall, the discoverer of gold, very well. He was an ingenious, flighty sort of man, who claimed to be an expert millwright out from New Jersey. California Gold Rush Began With Discovery at Sutters Sawmill Adam Wicks remembered hearing about the gold discovery as an inconsequential bit of camp gossip: In the latter part of January 1848, I was at work with a gang of vaqueros for Captain Sutter. I remember as clearly as if it were yesterday when I first heard of the gold discovery. It was on January 26, 1848, forty-eight hours after the event. We had driven a drove of cattle to a fertile grazing spot on the American River and were on our way back to Columale for more orders.A nephew, a lad of 15 years, of Mrs. Wimmer, the cook at the lumber camp, met us on the road. I gave him a lift on my horse, and as we jogged along the boy told me that Jim Marshall had found some pieces of what Marshall and Mrs. Wimmer thought were gold. The boy told this in the most matter-of-fact way, and I did not think of it again until I had put the horses in the corral and Marshall and I sat down for a smoke. Wicks asked Marshall about the rumored gold discovery. Marshall was at first quite annoyed that the boy had even mentioned it. But after asking Wicks to swear he could keep the secret, Marshall went inside his cabin, and returned with a candle and a tin matchbox. He lit the candle, opened the matchbox, and showed Wicks what he said were nuggets of gold. The largest nugget was the size of a hickory nut; the others were the size of black beans. All had been hammered, and were very bright from boiling and acid tests. Those were the evidences of gold.I have wondered a thousand times since how we took the finding of the gold so coolly. Why, it did not seem to us a big thing. It appeared only an easier way of making a living for a few of us. We had never heard of a stampede of gold-crazy men in those days. Besides, we were green backwoodsmen. None of us had ever seen natural gold before. The Workers at Sutters Mill Took It in Stride Amazingly, the impact of the discovery had little effect on the daily life around Sutters holdings. As Wicks recalled, life went on as before: We went to bed at the usual hour that night, and so little excited were we about the discovery that neither of us lost a moment’s sleep over the stupendous wealth that lay all about us. We proposed to go out and hunt at odd times and on Sundays for gold nuggets. Two weeks or so later Mrs. Wimmer went to Sacramento. There she showed at Sutter’s Fort some nuggets she had found along the American River. Even Captain Sutter himself had not known of the finds of gold on his land until then. Gold Fever Soon Seized the Entire Nation Mrs. Wimmers loose lips set in motion what would turn out to be a massive migration of people. Adam Wicks remembered that prospectors started appearing within months: The earliest rush to the mines was in April. There were 20 men, from San Francisco, in the party. Marshall was so mad at Mrs. Wimmer that he vowed he would never treat her decently again.At first it was thought the gold was only to be found within a radius of a few miles of the sawmill at Columale, but the newcomers spread out, and every day brought news of localities along the American River that were richer in gold than where we had been quietly working for a few weeks.The very maddest man of all was Captain Sutter when men began to come from San Francisco, San Jose, Monterey and Vallejo by the score to find gold. All of the captains workmen quit their jobs, his sawmill could not be run, his cattle went wandering away for lack of vaqueros, and his ranch was occupied by a horde of lawless gold-crazy men of all degrees of civilization. All the captain’s plans for a great business career were suddenly ruined. The Gold Fever soon spread to the east coast, and at the end of 1848, President James Knox Polk actually mentioned the discovery of gold in California in his annual address to Congress. The great California Gold Rush was on, and the following year would see many thousands of 49ers arriving to search for gold. Horace Greeley, the legendary editor of the New York Tribune dispatched journalist Bayard Taylor to report on the phenomenon. Arriving in San Francisco in the summer of 1849, Taylor saw a city growing at incredible speed, with buildings and tents appearing all over the hillsides. California, considered a remote outpost only a few years earlier, would never be the same.

Margaret Beaufort, Kings Mother

Margaret Beaufort, King's Mother Continued from: Margaret Beaufort: Basic Facts and TimelineMargaret Beaufort: The Making of the Tudor Dynasty Henry VII Becomes King and Margaret Beaufort the Kings Mother Margaret Beaufort’s long efforts to promote her son’s succession were richly rewarded, emotionally and materially.   Henry VII, having defeated Richard III and become king, had himself crowned on October 30, 1485. His mother, now 42 years old, reportedly wept at the coronation.   She was, from this point, referred to in court as â€Å"My Lady, the King’s Mother.† Henry Tudor’s marriage to Elizabeth of York would mean that his children’s right to the crown would be more secure, but he wanted to make sure that his own claim was clear.   Since his claim through inheritance was rather thin, and the idea of a queen ruling in her own right might bring images of the civil war of Matilda’s time, Henry claimed the crown by right of battle victory, not his marriage to Elizabeth or his genealogy.   He reinforced this by marrying Elizabeth of York, as he had publicly pledged to do in December of 1483. Henry Tudor married Elizabeth of York on January 18, 1486.   He also had parliament repeal the act which, under Richard III, had declared Elizabeth illegitimate. (This likely means that he knew that her brothers, the Princes in the Tower, who would have a stronger claim to the crown than Henry, were dead.) Their first son , Arthur, was born almost exactly nine months later, on September 19, 1486.   Elizabeth was crowned as queen consort the next year. Independent Woman, Advisor to the King Henry came to kingship after years of exile outside of England, without much experience in administration of a government. Margaret Beaufort had advised him in exile, and now she was a close advisor to him as king.   We know from his letters that he consulted with her on court matters and chuch appointments. The same parliament of 1485 that repealed Elizabeth of York’s illegitimacy also declared Margaret Beaufort a femme sole – in contrast to a femme covert or a wife.   Still married to Stanley, this status gave her an independence few women, and fewer wives, had under the law.   It gave her complete independence and control over her own lands and finances.   Her son also awarded her, over some years, considerably more lands which were under her independent control.   These would, of course, revert to Henry or his heirs on her death, as she had no other children. Despite the fact that she had never actually been a queen, Margaret Beaufort was treated at court with the status of a queen mother or dowager queen.   After 1499, she adopted the signature â€Å"Margaret R† which may signify â€Å"queen† (or may signify â€Å"Richmond†).   Queen Elizabeth, her daughter-in-law, outranked her, but Margaret walked close behind Elizabeth, and sometimes dressed in similar robes.   Her household was luxurious, and the largest in England after her son’s.   She might be the Countess of Richmond and Derby, but she acted like the equal or near equal of the queen. Elizabeth Woodville retired from the court in 1487, and it’s believed that Margaret Beaufort may have instigated her departure.   Margaret Beaufort had oversight over the royal nursery and even over the procedures for the queen’s lying-in.   She was given the wardship of the young Duke of Buckingham, Edward Stafford, son of her late ally (and her late husband’s nephew), Henry Stafford, whose title was restored by Henry VII. (Henry Stafford, convicted of treason under Richard III, had had the title taken from him.) Involvements in Religion, Family, Property In her later years, Margaret Beaufort was noted for both ruthlessness in defending and extending her land and property, and for responsible oversight of her lands and improving them for her tenants. She gave generously to religious institutions, and particularly to support the education of clergy at Cambridge. Margaret patronized the publisher William Caxton, and commissioned many books, some to distribute to her household. She bought both romances and religious texts from Caxton. In 1497, the priest John Fisher became her personal confessor and friend.   He began to rise in prominence and power at Cambridge University with the King’s Mother’s support. She is supposed to have had the agreement of her husband in 1499 to take a vow of chastity, and she often lived separately from him after that. From 1499 to 1506, Margaret lived at a manor in Collyweston, Northamptonshire, improving it so that it functioned as a palace. When the marriage of Catherine of Aragon was arranged to Margaret’s eldest grandson, Arthur, Margaret Beaufort was assigned with Elizabeth of York to select the women who would serve Catherine.   Margaret also urged that Catherine learn French before coming to England, so that she could communicate with her new family. Arthur married Catherine in 1501, and then Arthur died the next year, with his younger brother Henry then becoming heir apparent. Also in 1502, Margaret gave a grant to Cambridge to found the Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity, and John Fisher became the first to occupy the chair. When Henry VII appointed John Fisher as bishop of Rochester, Margaret Beaufort was instrumental in choosing Erasmus as his successor in the Lady Margaret professorship. Elizabeth of York died the following year, after giving birth to her last child (who did not survive long), perhaps in a vain attempt to have another male heir.   Though Henry VII talked of finding another wife, he did not act on that, and genuinely grieved the loss of his wife, with whom he’d had a satisfying marriage, though initially making it for political reasons. Henry VII’s older daughter, Margaret Tudor, was named for her grandmother, and in 1503, Henry brought his daughter to his mother’s manor along with the whole royal court.   He then returned home with most of the court, while Margaret Tudor continued on to Scotland to marry James IV. In 1504, Margaret’s husband, Lord Stanley, died.   She devoted more of her time to prayer and religious observance.   She belonged to five religious houses, though she continued to reside in her own private residence. John Fisher became the Chancellor at Cambridge, and Margaret began giving the gifts that would establish the re-founded Christ’s College, under the king’s charter. Last Years Before her death, Margaret made possible, through her support, the transformation of a scandal-ridden monastic house into St. John’s College at Cambridge. Her will provided for continuing support for that project. She began planning around her end of life.   In 1506, she commissioned a tomb for herself, and brought Renaissance sculptor Pietro Torrigiano to England to work on it.   She prepared her final will in January of 1509. In April of 1509, Henry VII died.   Margaret Beaufort came to London and arranged her son’s funeral, where she was given precedence over all the other royal women.   Her son had named her his chief executor in his will. Margaret helped arrange and was present for the coronation of her grandson, Henry VIII, and his new bride, Catherine of Aragon, on June 24, 1509.   Margaret’s struggles with her health may have been aggravated by the activity around the funeral and coronation, and she died on June 29, 1509.  John Fisher gave the sermon at her requiem mass. Largely because of Margaret’s efforts, Tudors would rule England until 1603, followed by the Stuarts, descendants of her granddaughter Margaret Tudor. More: Margaret Beaufort: Basic Facts and TimelineMargaret Beaufort: The Making of the Tudor Dynasty

Policy Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Policy Report - Research Paper Example The existence of these two arguing controversial ideas makes the issue about global warming not an exact science. Lately, this was the same argument used by those people in the industry that produces heat-trapping gases. The federal court in Washington lately declared based on Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) finding that industry and vehicles which contribute significant amount of heat-trapping gases actually would also result detrimental impact on public health (Wald, 2012). This decision was able to make up the mind of some companies to block the rule of EPA as they argued about the controversial issue of global warming. However, the court dismissed the existing argument about the science of global warming and some unreliable studies related with it. As a result, the court promulgated rules or policies that would set limits on greenhouse gas emissions from cars and other stationary sources. Those who opposed this challenged EPA’s timetable for enforce ment and even its target to have saturated effort over big polluters (Wald, 2012). Wald added that EPA’s line of defense on this issue emphasized the fact that it is not part of its rule to reprove whatever discovery in science that would come across scientific inquiry in the future. Lately, the federal government backs on this issue and even supported the decision of the Washington federal court. In response to this, there were fourteen states including Virginia and Texas which led a petition to block the ruling, while other fifteen states spearheaded by New York, California and Massachusetts came to support EPA emissions rules (Wald, 2012). It is clear that the regulation is now inevitable. The next challenge would be for congress to initiate action plan in order to ensure the implementation process to be efficient and less costly. However, the congress’s blow on this issue leads to the consideration of the harmful impact of EPA emissions rules on the economy as it w ould potentially drive energy prices higher (this would create strong economic impact, as oil is the lifeblood of modern economy), create joblessness, and slow down the US’s economic recovery (Wald, 2012). On the other hand, global warming issue and the existing argument about the exactness of its science would eventually remain a potential threat to policy makers as this would continuously become a significant source of controversial issues prior to their future decisions. As observed, there were more than one group trying to have essential stands or points on the environmental issue pertaining to global warming and associated EPA’s emissions rules on it. This issue does not only involve scientific matters, but it also leads to social, political, economic and environmental concerns. As observed, this environmental problem about global warming and emissions of heat-trapping gases poses remarkable concern about environmental sustainability. However, along the way, polic ies must be implemented, efficiently and effectively. Policy-making is not easy on this part as there are many other elemental things or concerns that need further considerations. Policy makers at this point must have substantial knowledge regarding group behaviors as there are varying groups

Capital Mrket Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Capital Mrket - Assignment Example It is arguably better if RBAs maintain the cash rate as compared to the federal government simply setting the cash rate. One of the reasons why it would be better if the RBAs are allowed to maintain the cash rate is because they are better in responding to pressures in their money markets. This is because of the Australian flexibility in frameworks for operating open markets within the country. The bank is therefore best suited to respond to pressures within the market more promptly and seamlessly with minimal alterations within the operating framework. RBAs method of trading in the money market to maintain the cash rate is again better than if the federal government simply set the cash rate because banks carry out their open market operations everyday. This ensures offset of smooth flows between the government and the private banking system. It also ensures that there are enough funds to operate within the market and adequate cash rate to maintain target. This, the bank operates by predominantly employing (repos) repurchase agreements, in which it buys a security with the agreement that it would sell bank in future at an agreed price (Felmingham 1995, p. 114). Unlike the federal government, the bank in this case can, and has been able to operate at a deal of a variety of terms and discriminatorily against a range of collateral classes. The official cash rate is a term that is used in both New Zealand and Australia for the bank rate to refer to the interest rate that is charged by the central bank to commercial banks on overnight loans. This gives the Reserve Bank of Australia the ability to adjust to the interest rates of the country’s economy. An additional advantage of the RBAs maintaining cash rate over the government setting cash rate is that the bank, unlike the federal government, can settle all interactions within banks immediately. The bank is

Where There Is a Lack of Authoritative Power Can Become a Ground of Essay

Where There Is a Lack of Authoritative Power Can Become a Ground of War - Essay Example The men who are not controlled by authority will desire to control other men by stealing their rights and freedom. In a case where there is no common authority to rule the region, then people can turn into nasty, and selfish personality. According to this quote, the war conducted by a human cannot be restricted to the battle alone but need to be contemplated with the track of time. By this the quote it is meant that a person in battle needs a specific span of time to understand his contentment due to the process of fighting. The quote suggests that time is an important factor to gauge the outcome of the war as it is as important as the nature of weather. I agree with the point that the bad weather is not accounted to one or more showers of rain but to the gross effect of the rain on nature. It is because the outcome of fighting cannot be measured with the instance of fighting alone but depends on the peace and tranquillity which the war brings to society. The quote argues that, during the wartime, every man is an enemy to the other. The egoistic men during the war, desire to fight and achieve thi ngs which can make his life joyful and content. It is true as men are passionate about fighting without considering the moralistic principles or duties he has towards each other and nature. Men fight with each other in vengeance in order to secure his life and basic necessities. During the time of the fight, the men are in an environment where there is the absence of security, food and shelter. He can only bring security to his life if he works hard with all his strength, intelligence and vitality. In this procedure, he falls prey to fight and battle as it is the issue of survival of the fittest. The men in those times had no facilities like the modern world and had to compete with each other even to fill their stomach.  

A Film Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Film Review - Essay Example All the changes that the characters undergo, however slight it may seem, affects their future and shows how they are all connected and how they affect each other though they may not realize it. Each of the three attempts to save Manni ends differently but the ability to go back in time and to repeat her day allow her to reconsider her decisions and to make a better one. Along the way she encounters people that she bumps into in the streets and her actions show that time does not only affect her but also these people whose future is projected after their chance meeting. First is the woman who has a baby in the stroller that she bumps into, then the guy who tries to sell her a bike, then Mr. Meyer coming out of a driveway and the bank employee. The other people she sees along the way also have an effect on how she is able to solve the problem and how they interact in her future. Her father and his mistress is an important part of finally having a different decision. Additionally, the slight differences such as the dog on the stairs, the group of nuns, the bank security guard, the old woman Lola asks for time, the ambulance, and the blind lady who lent Manni the phone card al l have participations in what happens and how their future play out. The first attempt is a failure where Lola dies as she comes too late and Manni had already entered the grocery store declaring robbery. At first she goes to her father who is an executive at a large bank but he refuses to give her money and sends her away. When she finds Manni inside blaming her for being too late, she enters and takes a gun she doesn’t know how to operate and Manni tells her to take off the safety. They made a run for it but the police caught up and one was surprised and fired a gun to Lola and she dies. In this first attempt, the woman with the stroller loses her child to child services and

Reflective on Customer Relationship Management Strategy Case Study

Reflective on Customer Relationship Management Strategy - Case Study Example Specifically, the report attempts to narrate the background of the necessity of a CRM plan from the company's perspective and objectives for which CRM plan was developed. Furthermore, I have tried to portray the challenges that the company has faced and the prescribed the ways to overcome those challenges. The essay is concluded with my experience of doing an informative project and the lessons I learned out of my experience. Now, I feel that if I had been given little more time for completion, the project would have been much better. The CRM project has bee done as a part of my curriculum in the Business System Integration Coursework for the week 5-10. The project has been completed in association with other students who have been selected for the group to which I belong. The assigned project was to prepare a CRM plan and Implementation strategy for a big company- Alcatel Company, which has been in telecom and entertainment industry for last several years. The main aim of the project was to provide a practical exposure to the students as to how integrating business system works and how effectively CRM strategies can be framed and implemented. Apart from that, it attempts to equip the students with the knowledge and experience about teamwork and communication skills. The work starts with situation analysis of the company to know about where it stands and where it wants to reach and what is the difference between the two states. After analyzing the background of the company, the next task was to propose a CRM plan and implementation strategy so that the company can overcome its present problems and challenges. The work has touched almost all functional areas, which have a bearing upon the CRM plan and its implementation. The project was concluded with suggestions and recommendations to further improve the CRM plan effectiveness and reach the goal of customer loyalty and sustainability. All efforts have been put to make the work most efficiently and contributing prosperity to the company.Aims and Objectives 1. To enhance the knowledge about Business System Integration To get acquainted with how to formulate and implement CRM strategies Apply CRM concepts to real-life business situations 2. To realize the effectiveness of teamwork in contrast to working in isolation and develop team working skill The group emphasized on teamwork and every decision was taken in consultation with all team members Held meetings regularly to discuss difficulties, solutions, plans, and processes3. To undertake the assignment in a professional manner and complete it successfully Devote enough time to come up with the best CRM strategy appropriate for the company Extensive research of books, articles and other secondary sources on CRM implementation.

Accounting theory practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Accounting theory practice - Essay Example This revised IAS 1 is applicable to all entities whether those are profit oriented or not- for profit entities. ‘Not- for profits entities in both the public and private sectors can apply this standard, however they may need to change the description used for particular line items within their financial statements and for the financial statements themselves. This standard applies to those entities that present consolidated financial statements and those that present financial statements as defined in IAS 27: Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements. It does not apply to the structure and contents of condensed interim financial statements prepared in accordance with IAS 34: Interim Financial Reporting.’ (Barry and Jermakowicz, page 22)2. In other words IAS 1 is applicable to all financial statements that cater general purpose needs. ‘General purpose financial statements are those intended to meet the needs of users who are not in a position to demand reports t ailored to meet their specific information needs. They include statements presented separately or those within another public document, such as annual report or prospectus.’(David Alexander and Simon Archer, 3.04)3 IAS 1 revised in September 2007, issued by International Accounting Standard Board (IASB), is the first of the series of expected revisions on the standard. While issuing the revised IAS 1, IASB (2007)4 stated in the press release that ‘the changes made are to require information in financial statements to be aggregated on the basis of shared characteristics and to introduce a statement of comprehensive income. This will enable the readers to analyze changes in a company’s equity resulting from transactions with owners (such as dividend and share purchase) separately from non- owner changes (such as transactions with third parties)’. This indicates that the basic objective of changes is to present each financial

Reflective on Customer Relationship Management Strategy Case Study

Reflective on Customer Relationship Management Strategy - Case Study Example Specifically, the report attempts to narrate the background of the necessity of a CRM plan from the company's perspective and objectives for which CRM plan was developed. Furthermore, I have tried to portray the challenges that the company has faced and the prescribed the ways to overcome those challenges. The essay is concluded with my experience of doing an informative project and the lessons I learned out of my experience. Now, I feel that if I had been given little more time for completion, the project would have been much better. The CRM project has bee done as a part of my curriculum in the Business System Integration Coursework for the week 5-10. The project has been completed in association with other students who have been selected for the group to which I belong. The assigned project was to prepare a CRM plan and Implementation strategy for a big company- Alcatel Company, which has been in telecom and entertainment industry for last several years. The main aim of the project was to provide a practical exposure to the students as to how integrating business system works and how effectively CRM strategies can be framed and implemented. Apart from that, it attempts to equip the students with the knowledge and experience about teamwork and communication skills. The work starts with situation analysis of the company to know about where it stands and where it wants to reach and what is the difference between the two states. After analyzing the background of the company, the next task was to propose a CRM plan and implementation strategy so that the company can overcome its present problems and challenges. The work has touched almost all functional areas, which have a bearing upon the CRM plan and its implementation. The project was concluded with suggestions and recommendations to further improve the CRM plan effectiveness and reach the goal of customer loyalty and sustainability. All efforts have been put to make the work most efficiently and contributing prosperity to the company.Aims and Objectives 1. To enhance the knowledge about Business System Integration To get acquainted with how to formulate and implement CRM strategies Apply CRM concepts to real-life business situations 2. To realize the effectiveness of teamwork in contrast to working in isolation and develop team working skill The group emphasized on teamwork and every decision was taken in consultation with all team members Held meetings regularly to discuss difficulties, solutions, plans, and processes3. To undertake the assignment in a professional manner and complete it successfully Devote enough time to come up with the best CRM strategy appropriate for the company Extensive research of books, articles and other secondary sources on CRM implementation.

Notions of gender have significantly informed the development of Essay

Notions of gender have significantly informed the development of health policy and of health care practice. critically discuss - Essay Example This paper illustrates how notions of gender have significantly contributed to the development of health policy and the development of health care. Health policy is aimed at being a vessel for discussion and exploration of issues in the health system. In particular, it is intended to promoting communication between the health policy and legislators, system researchers, professionals and decision makers who are concerned with development and implementation of health systems and reforms in health care. These policies and reforms are being made in an ever increasing pace and policy makers are forced to look over to other countries to find solutions to their own problems. The commitment of health policy is to ensure that there is international dialogue that makes sure that policies are put into practice based on specific issues and goals as well as in the particular situations (Walsh, 2004:146). Looking back at history, there was a growing strength of women’s movement in the late 1960s and 1970s. This growth challenged the ‘medicalisation’ of bodies of women and the structure of women’s medical health needs as dissimilar from their own priorities and experiences. The women’s movement went ahead and questioned the myth that male partners or doctors had better knowledge about their bodies than the women themselves knew (David 2008). This represented the women experiences in sexual, physical, mental and reproductive health needs. Based on the social, economic and political forces that influenced heath, they analysed their experiences and searched for the connections between class, race and gender-based coercion and the way they affected the women (Graham, 2009:146). According to David (2008), there was evolution of the concepts of gender and gender analysis from feminist point of view that emphasised the cultural and social nature of most of the differences between women and men. This is

Plot and character outlines Essay Example for Free

Plot and character outlines Essay He also wants different colored rabbits that he can feed with the alfalfa that he will collect. Lennies dream doesnt come true as his child like nature means that he tries to stroke Curlys wifes hair and not wanting her to scream he breaks her neck. He then flees to the brush where George told him to hide if anything went wrong. George wanting to protect Lennie from the pain of being hung decides instead to shoot him in the back of the head similar to the way Candys dog was so mercilessly killed. Another character who has a dream is Candy. Candy is a decrepit old man who is described as a swamper who lost his hand at the end of his useful life on the ranch. He wishes to join George and lennie to escape the ranch. His dream is to join George and lennie and seeks security in his old age. He is desperate and determined to make it happen as he is afraid he will end up like his dog as he will be sacked as soon as he becomes too old to do any work. Candy is considered useless as he only has one hand I got hurt four years ago theyll can me pretty soon. Candys only friend on the ranch was his dog who was shot and so he seeks company and doesnt want to be lonely any more, wants company in his old age I wont have no place to go, an I cant get no more jobs Candys dream doesnt come true as he has to abandon his plans as lennie is killed and George has to leave town as many of the men at the ranch believe that he might have been conspiring with lennie. At this Candy,s American dream is crushed. The next character who dreams is Crooks. He is a black stable hand, lives by himself in the harness room, a shed attached to the barn. Injured when a horse kicked him, Crooks has a body that is bent to the left because of his crooked spine. The stable hand has many horse care items in his room, as well as personal belongings he keeps because he is a more permanent tenant. He is a proud man but he feels segregated from the other guys and so spends most of his time in his room reading. He used to own his own hand but he lost it He dreams of one day being accepted and being able to sit in the bunk house and play cards he wants to be able to fit in and find his own place in society, have somebody that he can talk to A guy needs somebody to be near him. A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. He wanted to join George and Lennie but he pulls out after George finds out that Lennie and candy have been talking to crooks about the land and Crooks wanting to avoid disappointment decides that it is best he pulls out as George is not happy. Curlys wife also has a dream. Curlys wife is a seductive, pretty woman who not happy with her marriage to curly seeks excitement and a new life A show came through, an I met one of the actors. He says I could go with that show. But my ol lady wouldnt let me If Id went, I wouldnt be livin like this, you bet. she doesnt like Curlys and says he is a mean guy she is also happy when Lennie breaks Curlys hand as she says its good you busted curly up. Her dream is to become a big movie star as she makes reference to Nother time I met a guy, an he was in pitchers he says he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural. Soons he get back to Hollywood he was gonna write to me about it I never got that letter I always thought my ol lady stole it. Her dream was to go on stage and entertain as she also tried to run away with the circus A show came through, an I met one of the actors. He says I could go with that show. But my ol lady wouldnt let me If Id went, I wouldnt be livin like this, you bet. this makes reference to the fact that she is lonely as the only woman on the ranch and resents her life. Curlys wife trys to leave the ranch when she comes across lennie and they get talking, she lets Lennie touch her hair but he gets carried away and ends up killing her. Her dreams of fame and belonging are dashed as she dies before she gets the chance to leave the ranch. The last character who has a dream is Curly. He is the boss son, a young, pugnacious character, once a semi-professional boxer. He is described by others, with some irony, as handy. He is very jealous and protective of his wife and immediately develops a dislike toward Lennie. He is married but his marriage is a shame as his wife feels lonely and spends half her time supposedly looking for curly. His wife could be described as a promiscuous as she seems to take a interest in the other men on the ranch. Curly is a small guy and doesnt like big guys, like all small guys, he dont like big guys His dream was to become a professional boxer but he had to stay on the ranch, he feels insecure and possessive of his wife, as she has a promiscuous personality. Seems like Curly is cockier than ever since he got married. His dreams were dashed as he had to stay on the ranch and was not allowed to follow his dream, this may be why he is so bitter and angry . He also cannot even keep his wife as she seems to wander off a lot. His dreams are further crushed as his hand is badly damaged in a fight with Lennie. As his hand is broken he will never be able to fight again, as well as the shame of being beaten by someone who is considered to be mentally handicapped really damaged his reputation. To sum up, most the characters in the book have a dream of some sort. All of the characters dreams in the book of mice and men do not come true . Lennie and Georges dream is slashed by Lennie killing Curlys wife and her dreams are slashed as she is killed but Curlys wife dose finally decide to leave Curly which was part of her dream. Candys dream dies with Lennie as George is not interested in the farm anymore. Crooks had his dream when he used to own his own bit of land but it was taken away from him and so his dream was crushed. They chased their dreams but none of them came true which has reference to the American dream which many people chased but most never achieve. By marc di-trolio Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE John Steinbeck section.

The Bluest Eye - Morrisons Attempt to Induce White Guilt :: Bluest Eye Essays

The Bluest Eye - Morrison's Attempt to Induce White Guilt I've heard the fable before, three times in fact. Originally, the oracle in question was always an old man, an Asian philosopher and blind. The boys carried in a live bird, not a dead bird as she described as a "small bundle of life sacrificed" or the absence of bird altogether. The boys asked the same question. If the philosopher answered dead, they would let it fly away, but if he answered alive, they would kill it and drop it at his feet, proving him wrong with either answer. When the old, wise, blind man was presented with the question, he pondered it a bit and deduced their scheme. He answered, "The fate of that bird is in your hands." Toni Morrison altered the fable in her Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech, offering her perception of it, which is understandable as she is a writer and is building an analogy to it. Writers often focus on perception in stories and some writers need to as in the case of Morrison and The Bluest Eye. The perception and point of view in which the story is told to the reader is essential for Morrison to build her case. She needs to suck the reader into her framework of thinking using stories of abuse and neglect to create compassion and sympathy for the characters of her story. The catch is, she's not telling a story so much as selling a product. When a good salesman pushes an item, the first step is to have the audience succumb to his way of thinking. Morrison's product here is a philosophy, an idea that is the theme of her book. That idea is that physical beauty is "probably the most destructive idea in the history of human thought." She pushes this idea right through the reader's brain. It is the ruin of the black girls. If only they were pretty. If only they had pretty blue eyes. We might be able to think of beauty as the bird. True beauty, in Morrison's ideology, would be the absence of the bird. Lacking in physical attributes, but representative of all things free and without boundaries. If the bird is present, whether alive or dead, the physical intrusiveness of it then defines its beauty.

Eulogy for Father :: Eulogies Eulogy

Eulogy for Father For the first time in my life, I'll celebrate Father's Day this year without my dad. The man who had the most influence on the man I became passed away on April 14. Jack was 79. It has been said that the loss of a parent is one of life's most traumatic events. I now know the devastating truth of that statement. I've been told that, in time, the hurt will fade, only to be replaced by positive memories that soothe the soul. Already, I can feel that happening. Maybe it's because my father and I had a simple and loving relationship. He was a remarkably good man, like many of the inspiring role models and mentors who frequently appear in Fast Company's pages. Like them, he was a person of devotion and integrity, a man who understood a hard day's work. Yet, unlike most of them, he never had the advantage of a college education. He worked pretty much his entire life in two places: a dye house and a post-office sorting facility. His core accomplishment was family. And as his only child, I was the lucky beneficiary. My father poured vast amounts of love and energy into me during my most formative years. That is why I measure his life in the warehouse of photographs and movies he created for me. It is why I measure it in the size of his hands. Because what I remember most about my father are those sandpaper-rough hands, made rugged from factory work. From my earliest days, he took my hand in his and we discovered the world together. With his hand in mine, we walked through New York's Times Square. We went to Tad's Steakhouse, where you could get a T-bone, a baked potato, a hunk of garlic bread, and a tossed salad for $2.79. We went to my grandmother's house on Saturday afternoons for endless games of gin rummy, Parcheesi, and Chinese checkers. We went for long hikes on Sunday afternoons, through the nearby woods. We hitchhiked together. We played music together -- he on a keyboard, me on a drum kit. We strolled the railroad tracks together in Paterson, New Jersey, laying pennies on the rails and waiting for the train to pass so we could use the flattened coins for guitar picks. We fished together, in rowboats, off riverbanks and bridges, in rivers and lakes, with worms and fish eggs, and lures and flies.

Accutane associated Depression

Acne vulgaris or acne as it is commonly known, is a common skin disease mostly found in adolescent teenagers above the age of 14 and at times it may extend through to adulthood.According to the Dermatological disease database, acne develops as a result of secretions of the skin sebaceous glands and blockage of skin follicles which leads to eruption of pimples, blackheads and scars on the skin1.   It is not caused by eating certain foods such as chocolate, French fries or pizza as commonly believed.It has been reported by the British Dermatology Journal that, although not much data on acne's epidemiology is available, it has been discovered that about 40 to 85% of teenagers are or have already been affected by this disorder, making it the most common skin disease.For instance in America, every one out of three teenagers is or has had this disorder and the disease prevalence is not dependent on the race, sex, skin color or ethnicity.This disease occurs earlier in females than in male s a fact which can be attributed to the earlier onset of puberty and maturity in females than in males2.   On the contrary, the severity of this disease is more in males than in females especially when it occurs during the late teenage years due to androgen hormonal influences.In adulthood, acne is more prevalent in females than in males.   Some studies have further indicated that the prevalence of acne can be seasonal especially in women where it occurs just before the onset of their menstrual periods.More over, acne has been found to be more severe during the cold seasons than in the warmer weather conditions although these findings are not yet proven.   Some epidemiological data released by the Dermatological department of Munich University suggests that there is a close relationship between smoking and acne prevalence although still, this has not been confirmed3.Background Information.The history of acne disease dates back to ancient days and its origin is believed to be s omewhere in ancient Greece where people infected by this disease were treated using hot water baths mixed with sulfur4.   This method of acne treatment was used all through the 19th century till early 20th century when Benzoyl peroxide treatment was discovered.In 1950s, the use of antibiotics to treat the disease was invented especially tetracyclines although such antibiotics are no longer effective due to resistance of the disease causing germs.   More powerful antibiotics such as Retin-A were later discovered in 1960s and the disease control became much easier.   Such antibiotics are still in use especially in the U. S5.In 1980, the famous Accutane anti-acne drug was invented and this drug although controversial, it is very effective and is still in use today.   The year 1990 saw the emergence of Laser therapy which not only treats the disease but it clears the scars as well.   This treatment is quite expensive although it is very fast and effective.In 2000, the blue/red therapy was invented and this combined with the laser therapy invented earlier, led to more improved methods of acne treatment6.   This evolution shows how acne treatment has evolved with time, making the disease more manageable and easily treatable4.Acne prevalence has been on the decline in the past few years mainly due to increased knowledge on the disease, improved methods of prevention and treatment and better management of the disorder7.

Alcoholism and Theme Jake Doesn

The Sun Also Rises Quote Literary Element Commentary can't get away from yourself by moving from one place to ) conflict Jake is trying to explain that you can't find happiness by moving to another place. You have to find happiness within yourself wherever you may be in life. â€Å"l mistrust all frank and simple people, especially when their stories hold together† (12) theme Jake doesn't trust the ones who are upfront and real because he is so used to seeing everyone who is fake. â€Å"This is a good place,† he said. There's a lot of liquor,† I agreed. † (19) characterization From having a hard life, Jake has seem to fallen on alcohol to heal the wounds throughout his life. He is always drinking and being drunk during the story. â€Å"No, I don't like Paris. It's expensive and dirty. † (26) setting Here George explains to Frances how she doesn't like Paris for it is too expensive. Since this book Is placed In the sass's. Everywhere at this time was e xpensive because of WWW â€Å"l was a little drunk.Not drunk in any positive sense but Just enough to be careless. † (29) theme Jake refers to being drunk and he mentions It can be positive. The characters In this kook drink like it essential to living and that it is a great thing. â€Å"He looked a great deal as his compatriot must have looked when he saw the promised land†¦. He had that look of eager. Deserving expectation. † (29) characterization Cohn was looking at Brett because he thought she was absolutely stunning and he had hopes of being with her. â€Å"Couldn't we live together, Brett?Could we Just live together? † â€Å"l don't think so. I'd just trooper you with everybody. † (62) conflict Jake and Brett want to be together but Brett can't live with Sake's disability and she says that she would always cheat on Jake if they did live together. Never fall in love? † â€Å"Always,† said the count. â€Å"l am always In love. † (67) The count says he is always in love, this points out the fact that he is a hopeless romantic and it could also mean he Is not happy with himself so he seeks love to compensate. Friends,† said Mike. â€Å"l had a lot of friends. False friends. Then I had creditors, too. Probably had more creditors than anybody in England. † (141 ) theme Mike has lost all his money from having fake friends. HIS friends were only his friends because of his fortune and wealth. â€Å"Don't you know you're not wanted? † (146) Mike says this to Jake and It shows that Mike Is someone who has no filter on what they say. Whatever he thinks, he says. Under the wine I lost the disgusted feeling and was happy.It seemed they were all such nice people. (150) theme lake uses alcohol to mask his telling an like he wants to believe they are. That his trends aren't nice † ‘Oh, Jake,' Brett said, ‘we could have had such a damned good time together. ‘ ‘Yes,' I sa id. ‘Isn't it pretty to think so? ‘ † (251) conflict Brett and Jake wish that the could be together but they know they can't. If it wasn't for lake's impotence, then they could have a great life together.

Sickle Cell Plan of Care

Then, provide a brief description of the pathologically of sickle cell anemia and complete the nursing care plan by filling in the goals, outcomes, and nursing orders for the diagnoses provided in the table. SITUATION: Lavabo is a 30 year old, single African American who was diagnosed with sickle cell anemia when he was 4 years old. He works for a computer company and has been working 12 hour days to meet the deadline for a special project.Lavabo is complaining f fatigue and decided to relax by playing golf on a warm Saturday morning. After the seventh hole he experienced odyssey, tingling, and numbness in his legs. After the next hole, he experienced severe pain in his right ankle and knee. He was taken to the local medical center, where he was admitted. Lavabo rates his pain at 8 on a scale of 1-10. The physician ordered oxygen, IV fluids, and a PICA pump with morphine sulfate. Describe the pathologically that occurs in sickle cell anemia (4 points).Sickle cell anemia is the most c ommon form of sickle cell disease which is an inherited, autocross recessive disorder that causes an abnormal hemoglobin cell. The person with this specific disorder inherited hemoglobin S from both parents, also known as homozygous (Lewis, Drinkers, Hitchhiker, & Boucher, 2014, up. 644-647). This hemoglobin S results from the substitution of valise for glutamine acid on the B- globing chain of hemoglobin, and this ultimately causes the erythrocyte to stiffen and elongate taking a sickle shape in response to low oxygen levels (Lewis et al. 2014, up. 644-647). Due to the sickle cells elongated shape, and its stiff and sticky consistency it tends to get stuck in capillaries and vessels, and blocks blood flow to limbs and organs (Lewis et al. , 2014, up. 644-647). The major problems with sickle cell anemia is due to their sickles shape, reduced life expectancy and their ability to carry enough hemoglobin or transport it properly to the body to provide adequate oxygenation.Therefore a p erson who has sickle cell anemia has a lower number of red blood cells related to the shortened cell life that dies after only 10-20 days, compared to a normal red blood cell which lives about 120 days (Lewis et al. , 2014, up. 644-647). Bone marrow is unable to keep up with the demand for new red blood cells to replace the dying ones, making a person with sickle cell anemia left in a state of constant inadequate oxygenation (Lewis et al. , 2014, up. 644-647). Occlusion of capillaries and small vessels lead to acute or chronic tissue injury.This leads to further problems related to homeostasis which continues to perpetuate a cycle of local hypoxia, degeneration of more erythrocytes, and more suckling which continue to cause irreversible cell membrane damage (Lewis et al. , 2014, up. 644-647). Unless you're directly quoting you only need to address the authors once According to Lewis et al. , ASS is xx or write your summary and add to the end of the paragraph (Lewis et al. , 2014 up. 644-647) since all your information is from 1 source. If your quoting directly from the source you need to enclose in †Nursing Diagnoses Pain related to occlusion of small vessel by sickle cells as evidenced by severe pain in art. Knee and ankle. Altered tissue perfusion related to a decreased number of Orb's and decreased oxygenation as manifested by odyssey, tingling/numbness in ankle and knees. Activity Intolerance related to imbalance between oxygen supply and demand, as manifested by fatigue, odyssey,

Essay 3 You choose topic Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

3 You choose topic - Essay Example Terrorism must be defined in concrete terms enough to understand when it happens and to ensure that the public, media, and governments are not excluding states and organizations that accept, promote, support, and conduct some forms of terrorism. Terrorism and insurgency are not the same. Insurgency may refer to acts where groups or organizations are resisting occupying forces, colonizers, and usurpers, as well as constituted authority (Taskhiri). Insurgents can also claim that they are fighting a â€Å"lawful war† through tactics that international law will consider as acceptable and not related to terrorism (Libaw). An example would be a local insurgency group that attacks or defends itself from military operations. Terrorism, on the opposite, does not play by international rules. Yonah Alexander, director of the Institute for Studies in International Terrorism at the State University of New York, differentiates terrorism from insurgency and guerilla warfare. He states: â€Å"Terrorists are not insurgents, not guerrillas†¦Terrorists are beyond all norms. They dont recognize any laws† (Libaw). Terrorism does not have legitimacy that insurgency may have. Both could have political motivations, but terrorism does not respect international laws and norms regarding warfare. Not all militant organizations are involved in terrorism too, especially those that conduct social works or have legal national organizations fronts. Zohar Kampf explores the media’s use of terrorism. It notes that the Washington Post differentiates militants with a social cause from terrorists without one. It calls â€Å"Palestinian Hamas group ‘militants’ and members of al Qaeda ‘terrorists’† (Kampf 6). The Washington Post defends that Hamas performs social work and is driven by territorial and national sentiments, while â€Å"al Qaeda exists only as a terrorist

STEEPLE Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

STEEPLE Analysis - Research Paper Example The UK supermarket sector has been controlled by â€Å"Big Four’’ grocery companies like Tesco, Asda, Morrisons and Sainsbury’s (Sanderson, 2007). These companies collectively control 75.4% of the market share as of the year 2012 (Butler, 2012). Tesco has occupied 30.5% in terms of grocery retail in the market, whereas Morrisons has 11.7% followed by Asda with 17.1% and Sainsbury’s with 16.1% (Butler, 2012). As UK supermarket sector is based on both grocery and retail outlets, the rate of sales for both the products base have made certain impacts on the growth of the market scenario. The rate of sales in retails had enlarged by 5.4% in September 2011 as compared to September 2010 (Office for National Statistics, 2011). Non-retailing counters and automotive fuels selling capacities have improved to 15.5 and 2.8 percent respectively from 2010 in the year 2011. The paper intends to discuss on STEEPLE Analysis of the UK supermarket sector and evaluate the fac tors in the market which would impact in the organizations operating in the market. Moreover, the discussion also focuses on the assessment of the HR practices of one of the leading companies in the UK retail market, Tesco. Description of STEEPLE Analysis STEEPLE analysis is an instrumental analysis through which changes in the environment can be determined in correlation to the operations in the business sector. The analysis is based on different factors such as social, technological, political, economic, ethical, legal and environmental which have an impact on the operations of business in the UK supermarket sector. Social Factors In relation to the social factors, it is observed that there is a change in the buying pattern of different materials by the customers which significantly relates to the dimensions of lifestyle changes, alteration in income distribution and changes in living conditions. With the influence of these factors customers in the UK are favouring one-stop shoppi ng of products (Randall & Seth, 2011). A crucial issue in context is that there is a noticeable certain change in terms of social wants with the change in time because increasing number of customers nowadays are desiring to keep themselves abreast with the latest fashion and style statements. Consequently, the retailers functioning in the UK supermarket are concentrating rapidly on products which provide them value for money. The option of finding a variety of products within one-roof in a supermarket has also been a major draw for the consumers which in turn facilitate them meet their needs and desires (Defra, 2006). Moreover, certain pertinent social factors such as birth rates, household income, gender and religion among others have affected the retail giants like Tesco, Sainsbury’s, Asda and Morrisons in the UK supermarket. In relation to augmented birth rates, it can be ascertained that retailers like Tesco have started to increasingly focus on keeping an assortment of c hildren toys related products to open up a new target market for the company. Moreover, in the global operations companies such as Tesco need to operate keeping in consideration the religious contexts while offering products and preparing their advertisements so that the sentiments of the people in a foreign country do not get hurt. It can in turn affect their sales and profitability. Similarly, social factors such as gender and household income have also been taken into consideration by the retail companies while preparing their product assortment as products in varied price range have been a key consideration to attract consumers’ of different income range. (Tesco Plc, 2012). Sainsbury’

JULIAN OF NORWICH & MICHAEL HARNER Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

JULIAN OF NORWICH & MICHAEL HARNER - Assignment Example So while Julian talks about Christ being â€Å"the foundation, he is the substance, he is the teacher, he is the end†, Harner talks about the matter of fact aspects of the tsentsak and non-drug forms of shamanism in ordinary, factual language (Harner 57-68; Julian of Norwich 43). Both sources narrate forms of spiritual quests, and a common element in both is a sense that both are honest and sincere in their quests and in the way they tried to make sense of their experiences and visions. This is important because both are narrating extremely subjective experiences whose validity cannot be experienced or confirmed by an external party, but only felt as genuine and believable from an intuitive point of view. The integrity of the narrators can make or break the narratives. One gets a sense of the integrity of Harner’s narratives especially with regard to the subjective experience of ayahuasca, confirmed by a blind shaman for instance. For Julian, her reputation and the internal consistency of her message attest to the sincerity and the genuineness of her narratives and religious insights (Harner; Julian of Norwich). Julian contextualizes her sufferings in the context of Christ’s own suffering and death, couched in language tied to compassion and love. She learns from a desire to suffer the bodily pains and sufferings of Christ also of the internal reality of the compassion that exists in men as a spark too of the divine in men, of the Christ in men. Her key insights are with regard to the love of God shown through the Christ’s own passion, so that she and all who love God and desire to follow the will of God may experience that love as well (Julian of Norwich). The sacred drink ingested by Harner is ayahuasca. When he ingested this he had visions of another dimension, including that of a creature that is reptile-like, who reveals to him an inner reality tied to the nature of man’s past, of the way man had evolved

Marketing Approaches Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marketing Approaches - Term Paper Example This is due to the concept of moral hazard when it comes to consuming health care products and services through insurance financing. Handling health care products and services in the health care markets must put into account all the aspects highlighted above. The spending decisions and buyer behaviors of consumers in health care markets are influenced by more variables compared to their counterparts in the consumer goods markets. Health care marketers must assess and evaluate the approaches that different consumers use to derive good health. Some opt for preventative measures, others choose curative or both. Therefore, the marketing approach chosen should critically identify the different markets segments that exist and the product or service differentiation variables employed. Marketing consumer goods and services focuses on the rationality of consumers. Consumers exhibit rationality in the sense that they prefer consumer baskets that are high in quality and cheap in terms of cost. The primary objective of a consumer in the consumer goods and services markets is to maximize utility. Consumers aim at getting more value than they actually pay for. To achieve this, the pricing policies adopted by sellers must favor consumption needs of consumers in order to maximize their welfare in buying goods and services bundles. Unlike in marketing health care products, consumer goods and services are not characterized by moral hazard due to the fact that consumers personally meet their expenditure. Consumption is purely based on the purchasing power of an individual consumer. Consumers with high purchasing power will ultimately buy more than those with lower purchasing power. On the same note, consumption of consumer... Marketing Approaches The nature of the products or services being marketed and the targeted markets are crucial to account for because they critically identify the different market segments that exist, and subsequently guide marketers in undertaking their respective duties and responsibilities. Although both health care and consumer goods markets deal with both products and services, the nature of marketing practices significantly vary due to product or service uniqueness and product or service differentiation in these markets. Marketers in both health care and consumer goods markets seek to capture a significant market share that maximizes market benefits in terms of sales, revenue generation, and profit making. Marketers in these two markets adopt different marketing approaches that work best in their respective markets. A health care marketer has to understand that health care products and services are characterized by derived demand rather than direct demand (Getzen, 2010). This implies that demand f or health care is the outcome of the need for good health. Good health can be realized from both curative and preventative measures, both of which constitute demand for health care. Service delivery is another aspect that experiences ethical violations. The firm should be morally responsible for its decisions, practices, and operations. The crafted policy should encompass programs that are designed to collect feedback at both the firm and the target markets in relation to service delivery.

Choju Giga Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Choju Giga - Essay Example Anthropomorphism: this is the attribution of human behavior or manner to that of an animal. Various cultures have a long-standing anthropomorphized tradition characteristic that represent behaviors of human in both art and storytelling traditions. This paper will illustrate the influence of animal representations in â€Å"Choju Giga† artwork. Satire: This form of art and literature brings about vices and conventions fun among individuals and groups with a significance of ridiculing them. This paper will apply â€Å"Choju Giga† as context to demonstrate the use of animal characteristic in order to make connections between visual and literary satire. Parody: this an artistic and literary work that imitates the style of characters of the author or work for effects of comic or ridicule. This paper will use the satirical emaki examination as a context to illustrate the use of images of animal in animation. â€Å"Choju Giga† is regarded as unusual from other build hand scrolls the difference being that, it is limited to an accompanying text, and for its humorous matter of subject. The scrolls are acknowledged as a satirical observation on monastic life and moral decrease in Japan’s 12th century (Baker 88). In difference to West, where animation has performed a significant cultural role in the Japan’s 20th century, the country has a long pictorial tradition. Various scholars comment that these scrolls are important for their history as some the earliest Japanese manga forms (Napier 73). In this scrolls segment, there is a marked absence of intense colors, with rather an emphasis on ink and strokes of the brush. The scroll is meant to be viewed from the right side to the left side. On the left side end, there is a frog image next to the monkey. The frog is observed to be holding a leaf umbrella and the monkey clothing what emerges to be branches. The umbrella hold

Hotel on a corner of bitter and sweet Essay Example for Free

Hotel on a corner of bitter and sweet Essay Maintaining privacy and confidentiality for patients is a fundamental duty of care as a nurse. It is clearly stated that a nurse must treat personal information obtained in a professional capacity as confidential (ANMC, 2003, pg. 4). Although the terms privacy and confidentiality are often interchanged, they should be distinguished. Privacy refers to ones ownership of ones body or information about ones self, whereas confidentiality refers specifically to limits upon private information revealed in confidence, as a responsible promise that the information will not be revealed to others (Kerridge et al. , 1998). It is essential that the data will be used and reported in such a way that no one is able to identify the source (Behi Nolan, 1995). It is important to uphold both the privacy and confidentiality of patients whilst in nursing care to protect clients against the morally harmful consequences that can occur when unconsented disclosures are made (Crisp Taylor, 2005). For example, a clients newly diagnosed HB positive status could result in the client being rejected by family and friends and hence left without social support at a time when most needed. The Privacy Act 1988 requires Commonwealth agencies to conform to a set of Information Privacy Principles when dealing with personal information. State and territory legislation also places similar obligations on their respective agencies, which includes hospitals (Crisp Taylor, 2005). At common law, there are expectations that contracts will contain a confidentiality clause and tort will include a duty of confidentiality (Crisp Taylor, 2005). Under most circumstances information gained in the professional-client relationship should not be disclosed, however there is an exception if there is an overriding legal reason that disclosure should be made. For instance, this occurs where such disclosures help prevent harm to innocent others (Crisp Taylor, 2005), such as in a case that a client disclosed that he intended to kill someone he disliked. In conclusion, protecting privacy and confidentiality for patients is essential in the field of nursing, both morally and legally, as this ensures that the patients well-being are not jeopardized by the unwarranted disclosure of such confidential material. Reference 1. Australian Nursing Midwifery Council. (2003). Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses in Australia. 2. Behi R. Nolan M. (1995). Ethical issues in research. British Journal of Nursing. 4, 12, 712-716. 3. Crisp J. Taylor C. (2005). Potter Perrys fundamentals of Nursing 2nd Edition. Sydney: Elsevier Australia Limited. 4. Kerridge I. , Lowe M. McPhee J. (1998). Ethics and law for the health professions. Katoomba, N. S. W. : Social Science Press. 5. The Privacy Act 1988.

Priorities Within Scottish Education

Priorities Within Scottish Education Education Scotland makes certain inclusion is a key priority within Scottish education. The purpose of the writing is to discuss in detail why inclusion takes precedence and what the significant change in meaning proposes for schools and teachers today. In order to do this effectively, the writing will demonstrate an understanding of the concept of an inclusive school and what exactly it entails. Particular aspects of an inclusive school will be considered, such as, the curriculum, disability, behaviour management and lifestyle of gypsy and travelling families. These aspects will be examined thoroughly to suggest implications for me as an individual teacher. It is necessary to analyse the professional impact of inclusion policies and draw on placement experience, offering exemplification of how inclusion was reflected. Throughout, findings from literature and other sources will be referred to in order to justify the piece of writing, informing discussion and argument. In previous years there has been a growing debate regarding the meaning of inclusion. The original meaning was solely based on children who a disability or learning need. The term special educational needs (SEN) was established by the 1978 Warnock Report (Department for Education and Science (DES), 1978) and was seen as a more acceptable way of viewing children, than the earlier definition of handicaps which derived from the Education (Mentally Handicapped Children) (Scotland) Act 1974. The expressions integration or mainstreaming were used to direct the attention to children with SEN who were placed in mainstream schools. Thus, came the idea from Warnock (DES, 1978) who believed there were three key types of integration. These were, locational, social and functional (DES, 1978). Locational was when children with SEN were placed in a unit/base within a mainstream school, however were distanced from the mainstream children. Social was seen to be when children with SEN were integrated with mainstream children for social events, but were separated for the rest of the time. Lastly, functional was where children, regardless of disability, were located in their local mainstream school and placed in the same classroom as their mainstream peers. Shortly afterwards, advances meant that the term integration was used more widely to describe provision rather than the three key types defined in the Warnock Report (DES, 1978). This stemmed further controversy concerning the exact meaning of integration. The term was criticised and was later claimed that integration was not anxious with the worth of childrens experiences in mainstream schools but much rather the inclusive pedagogy (Farrell and Ainscow 2002). While children were included in the school environment, the principles of an inclusive school were not meeting their purpose. Allan (2008), as cited by Bryce and Humes (2008) argued that even children in mainstream schools could be segregated (feel isolated) within a classroom, which posed the question, how were teachers to know if childrens needs were met adequately? For several reasons, the term SEN was emphasised which lead to a more common way in describing the degree to which a child who had SEN, was truly integrated within mainstream schools (Farrell and Ainscow, 2002). In this sense, the term signified the degree to which a school was welcoming and valued individual contributions. Inclusion, therefore, had to more effective in allowing all children to be included and participate fully in the learning environment in order for individual learning needs to be met. Within my placement school there were three supported classes where all experiences were catered for individual childrens needs. Staff worked effectively to ensure all children from the supported classes attended appropriate mainstream classes. For example, one boy in the supported class 7/6/5 attended Primary 4 on a Wednesday morning for Maths. Unfortunately, several schools have not yet moved with the times and still believe children with a disability or who have severe learning di fficulties must be segregated from their mainstream peers (Ekens and Grimes, 2009). I will ensure my positive attitude to this shines through and everything possible is done to include and meet childrens needs. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) was established in 1989 and was the first legislative document to deal with the rights of the child globally. The agreement has 54 articles which highlight the importance of human rights. Many of the rights are centred on inclusion, particular within education. Two articles that emphasise this are article 28 and 29 which give children the entitlement to an education and affirm that education ought to increase childrens talents in enabling them to reach their full potential. It is evident from placement experience how difficult it is for teachers to progress all children to allow them to reach their full potential. This is due to the wide range of abilities there is within any one classroom. Although this is the aim for all teachers, it is a compound matter that requires great skill in achieving (Loreman, Deppeler and Harvey, 2009). Coinciding with the UNCRC (1989), the Standards in Scotlands Schools Etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 made clear all children go to mainstream schools unless factors, such as unsuitability, harmfulness to other children or cost prohibited children in doing so. The Act had many similarities with the UNCRC (1989); however the main change was that it passed on the right to children to have a say in their education rather than it solely being down to their parents/carers having the decision. Unlike the Warnock Report (DES, 1978) these two pieces of legislation moved away from integration and concentrated more on inclusion. It was clear from this that forthcoming legislation was considering the concept of inclusion much wider than just disability. Count Us In: Achieving Inclusion in Scottish Schools (Her Majestys Inspectorate of Education (HMIE), 2003) was one of the forthcoming documents to have a different perspective. The report stressed the prominence of inclusion being a key priority within Scottish education. Throughout the report, suggestions are given to teachers on how to approach inclusion and features of what makes an inclusive school are stated. One feature focuses on providing an inclusive curriculum for all children using the support from services and outer agencies to help enhance learning. Both Cline and Frederickson (2009) also believe this is a significant factor in developing an inclusive school. The Scottish curriculum, Curriculum for Excellence (CfE) (Scottish Government, 2007) caters for children aged from three to eighteen and provides a smooth and seamless transition from sector to sector. Every sector use the same curriculum which not only is inclusive for children but also for staff as this is maintai ned right through to secondary school. Those who are involved in childrens learning collaborate effectively ensuring previous learning is built upon, making transition and learning as inclusive as possible (Scottish Government, 2007). This links with the principle coherence of CfE (Scottish Government, 2007) which stresses the importance of learning being clearly connected and developed from previous experiences. Reeves and Fox (2008) however, disagree with the curriculum being inclusive in this sense as they say that it is school practices that influence teachers attitudes. If schools disregard collaborative approaches as an effective step to successful transition then they will take no pride in doing so, which results in the curriculum being far from inclusive. Having awareness of the benefits, I will endeavour to cooperate with other professionals to make childrens transitions as efficient as possible.