Pride, Honor and Survival in The Last Samurai and Hidalgo :: Movie Film Movies Films Essays

Pride, Honor and Survival in The Last Samurai and HidalgoIn the 2004 movie, Hidalgo, the story of how a cowboy and cavalry fill out passenger, charge as the worlds greatest endurance rider, is challenged to compete for pride, honor, and his own survival in a 3,000 mile long race know as the Ocean of Fire. Likewise, the story of The Last Samurai depicts how a civil war era captain is charged with the responsibility of training a modern Japanese military force, and is captured by Samurai warriors in a battle to quell the Samurai rebellion. While he is being held by his captors, he learns the ways of the Samurai and must use his impertinent skills to fight for his, as well as Japans pride, honor, and cultural survival. This essay will attempt to draw similarities between Hidalgo and The Last Samurai by examining the private feats accomplished by the movies main characters as well as explain how these seemingly dissimilar movie plots are actually quite similar.The movie Hidalgo te lls the story of bold T. Hopkins, cowboy and cavalry drop off rider. During his career, Hopkins and his horse Hidalgo have competed in many American endurance races, and Hopkins has become honorably billed as the worlds greatest endurance rider. Riding as a dispatch rider for the cavalry, one of the main character conflicts of the movie unfolds. Frank T. Hopkins, born to a Lakota Indian woman is half Lakota Indian, but has a hard time dealing with this aspect of his heritage. The conflict comes when he rides a dispatch for the U.S. Calvary unknowingly delivering the order to disarm the Lakota Indians, and inadvertently causes the Battle of Wounded Knee, where the Lakota are massacred by the cavalry.Knowing that he delivered the order sealing the fate of his people, Hopkins fall into horrible depression, taking to heavy drinking. Because of his reputation as the worlds greatest endurance rider, Hopkins joins Buffalo Bills Wild West Show, and is haunted by the nightmare of the massacre.In an example pride, honor and survival, Hopkins is challenged to overcome his depression and self-pity and enter a race, a 3,000 mile survival race across the Arabian Desert, known as the Ocean of Fire. The Ocean of Fire, held annually for more than a 1,000 years, is an endurance race like no other. Beyond being a race for pride and honor, riders survival skills are tested in the 3,000 mile Ocean of Fire.

Changes in Air Travel Essay -- Logistics

INTRODUCTION The terrorist attack of Sept 11, 2001 significantly changed the landscape of air travel. Congress put in place mandates to screen all checked baggage and change rider screening procedures. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) was chartered to oversee these changes. The major bulwark was old antiquated equipment that was unable to handle the demand which resulted in a significant delay in time it took to process passengers. With the recovery of the airline constancy since the attack the challenge is how passengers move through the airport quickly and efficiently. Through the history of air travel there have been many initiatives attempted to improve the passenger experience. The three I will focus on are the mobile lounge archetype implemented in 1962 with the opening of Dulles , and the newer concept of Fast Travel initiated by the International Air Transportation Association (IATA) and the so called security checkpoint of the future also being t ested by IATA (Engle, 2011). On the surface the mobile lounges seemed like a solid principle. It kept walking required by the passenger to a minimum as parking and passenger processing facilities were close in proximity. In theory if expansion due to additional aircraft was required you would only need to add additional mobile lounges to defy the demand (Young & Wells, 2011). When Dulles International airdrome opened in 1962 it was at the cutting edge of technology. It was the first airport with separate buildings to handle people and airplanes. Your impact in the main terminal and then walked to the mobile lounges which could serve as holding rooms or used to transport passengers directly to the aircraft. As the summation of people an... ... the experience much more enjoyable. The so called security checkpoint of the future (Engle, 2011) being developed and tested by IATA could make for an exciting passenger experience. In light of security concerns it could be a f ew years before we something to this effect in our airports. Works CitedIATA awards Abu Dhabi International Airport for Fast Travel. (2011, December 26). Arabic 2000.Engle, J. (2011, June 7). Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from http//articles.latimes.com/2011/jun/07/news/la-trb-checkpoint-future-iata-20110607Schvartzman, R. (2011). Fast Travel Maximise Passenger Control of Departure and Arrival Passengers. International Air Transport Association.Schwartz, A. (2007). Transforming Dulles Airport. Air Transport World, 50-52.Young, S. B., & Wells, A. T. (2011). Airport Planning & Management. McGraw-Hills Companies Inc.

Marc Antony’s Funeral Oration Essay -- Julius Caesar, William Shakespe

In William Shakespeares Julius Caesar, Mark Antony pleads with his Friends, Romans (and) countrymen to lend him their ears in an effort to exonerate Caesar from false charges laid against him. The three main conspirators in Caesars murder, Brutus, Casca and Cassius portrayed Caesar as an ambitious tyrant to the Roman people. After Caesar was unjustly killed by his friends and comrades, the crowd was persuaded to believe that his death was necessary for the good of the republic. However, Antonys oration cleverly manipulates the crowd through the use of pathetic appeals, especially enargeia, into rebelling against the assassins and mourning the death of Caesar. Caesars un termly and unnecessary death created a rummy rhetorical moment that Marc Antony seized. Bitzer states in his article The Rhetorical Situation that a forkicular discourse comes into existence because of some specific condition or locating which invites utterance (Bitzer 41). According to the assassins, Caesars murde r was necessary for the good of all the Roman citizens, who unquestioningly believed Brutuss accusations that Caesar was ambitious and unfit to govern Rome. Marc Antony used his dialect to win back the citizens and unite them in grief and outrage at Caesars murder. One of Marc Antonys objectives as he ascended to the pulpit was to refute the claims of Caesars guilt of ambition I thrice presented him a kingly crown, / Which he did thrice refuse was this ambition? / Yet Brutus says he was ambitious / And, sure, he is an revered man. / I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke (3.2.98-102). He reminded the public that Caesar had been offered the opportunity to be crowned King of Rome three times, and each time Caesar had refused it... ...r the name of the slain leader and managed to sway public opinion from one extreme to another. His words cause the angry mob to scour the streets of Rome for anyone who took part in his murder. His pathetic appeals to his friends, Romans and country men incited them to become an enraged mob to avenge Caesars death. His words display the assassins malicious actions for what they were and honor the memory of Caesar. plant Cited Bitzer, Lloyd F. The Rhetorical Situation. Philosophy and Rhetoric (1968) 39-48.Crowley, Sharon, and Debra Hawhee. Chapter 6 Ethical Proof Arguments From Character. Ancient Rhetorics for contemporary Students. New York Pearson Longmann, 2004. 163-203.Crowley, Sharon, and Debra Hawhee. Chapter 7 Pathetic Proof Passionate Appeals. Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. New York Pearson Longmann, 2004. 205-219.

My Diary On Tom Robinson?s Case :: essays research papers

Now that I am looking defend on tom turkey Robinsons court case, I have seen what my decision has done to my family and I have heard what my friends and neighbors have to declare about the ordeal. If I could go back in time, I would still straighten out the decision to defend Tom Robinson. This decision is backed by many reasons of logic and my morals. Many decisions people make are decided on what suits themselves, they do not think of other people and how it may affect them or show them what is business and what is wrong.I believe that defending Tom Robinson was the correct, moral action to take. If I did not take this case, I could never look at my children again (Lee 88). Many people say that I am a disgrace to the family for pickings the case (Lee 83), however, I see it a little differently. In my eyes, I would be disgracing the family for not taking the case because it would not be just not to defend Tom Robinson since I knew that he was innocent. Throughout the trial, I believed (and still do) that Mayellas father, Bob Ewell, slash her (Lee 187). When I cross-examined Mayella, I tried to get her to admit to this, but she still insisted that Tom Robinson raped her (Lee 187-188). If a person would look at the evidence on hand, they would know that this was not the case. First of all, Toms left arm was crippled from being caught in a cotton gin (Lee 186). Considering the fact that she was bruised and besot on the right side of the face, this was not possibly an action from Tom. However, Bob Ewell was left handed, meaning that when he was hitting Mayella, he hit her along the right side of the face (Lee 177). Second of all, Tom was only trying to help Mayella with her chores around the house because no one else in the family would help her (Lee 191). Thirdly, why on this particular day, November 21st, were the children out of the house? Mayella told Tom that she had saved money for a whole year so she could treat them to ice cream (Lee 193). Also on that day, she asked him to come inside for the first time to fix the door hinges that did not need to be fixed (Lee 193).

one starfish :: essays research papers

All throughout my life, Ive always regarded sports as one of the almost important things in my life. Theyve always been there, to a point where Ive taken my skills for apt(p). However, in light of a changing world, I agree come to acquit that taking anything, much less your gifts, for granted is a titanic error.The thing is in this world, you tend not to notice something, till its gone. I have erudite that umpteen times. Ill use the modeling of my p bents Like most families, I grew up with both my parents there for me, and didnt realize how lucky I was to have that, until two years ago, when my parents jobs caused them to separate, and ever since wherefore even a dinner with both of them has become a rare occasion one that I savor. until now when I am at root (wherever that is) I dont see much of my family, with my sister being at college, and my mothers and bring forths jobs call upon them to work repelling overtime. If there was one thing I could change nearly the wor ld, I would make heap do skilful that, appreciate what they have, and think, conscionable give a thought about all the good things they have. Their various talents, to have your family with you, to have a shoulder to lean on, people that care about them, or just a place to be educated. It is a sad fact that to more then half of the people on earth, their next meal is uncertain a place to call home may be nonexistent, people working on farms, selling themselves, finding at least to get by, with their family and loved ones. Think about that, and do something to help out. Support a charity, send clothes or food to drives, or just pray. A small difference to one mortal goes a long way.Like in that Peace Corps commercial, where a young boy is walking vanquish a beach, picking up sea star and throwing them approve into the sea, so they dont get washed up and die. His grandmother strides up to him and says Oh Jimmie, there are so many miles of shore, and so many starfish. Do you re ally think you can make a difference? Jimmie, keeping his eyes on the aspect picks up a starfish and throws it back in, and says softly, I made a difference to that one.one starfish essays research papers All throughout my life, Ive always regarded sports as one of the most important things in my life. Theyve always been there, to a point where Ive taken my skills for granted. However, in light of a changing world, I have come to realize that taking anything, much less your gifts, for granted is a titanic error.The thing is in this world, you tend not to notice something, till its gone. I have learned that many times. Ill use the example of my parents Like most families, I grew up with both my parents there for me, and didnt realize how lucky I was to have that, until two years ago, when my parents jobs caused them to separate, and ever since then even a dinner with both of them has become a rare occasion one that I savor. Even when I am at home (wherever that is) I dont see muc h of my family, with my sister being at college, and my mothers and fathers jobs call upon them to work severe overtime. If there was one thing I could change about the world, I would make people do just that, appreciate what they have, and think, just give a thought about all the good things they have. Their various talents, to have your family with you, to have a shoulder to lean on, people that care about them, or just a place to be educated. It is a sad fact that to more then half of the people on earth, their next meal is uncertain a place to call home may be nonexistent, people working on farms, selling themselves, finding anyway to get by, with their family and loved ones. Think about that, and do something to help out. Support a charity, send clothes or food to drives, or just pray. A small difference to one person goes a long way.Like in that Peace Corps commercial, where a young boy is walking down a beach, picking up starfish and throwing them back into the sea, so they d ont get washed up and die. His grandmother strides up to him and says Oh Jimmie, there are so many miles of shore, and so many starfish. Do you really think you can make a difference? Jimmie, keeping his eyes on the horizon picks up a starfish and throws it back in, and says softly, I made a difference to that one.

one starfish :: essays research papers

All throughout my life, Ive always regarded sports as one of the most authorized things in my life. Theyve always been in that location, to a menstruum where Ive taken my skills for granted. However, in light of a changing world, I have come to realize that fetching anything, much less your gifts, for granted is a titanic error.The thing is in this world, you tend not to notice something, till its gone. I have learned that more times. Ill use the example of my parents alike(p) most families, I grew up with both my parents there for me, and didnt realize how lucky I was to have that, until ii years ago, when my parents jobs caused them to separate, and ever since then however a dinner with both of them has become a rare occasion one that I savor. Even when I am at home (wherever that is) I dont see much of my family, with my sister being at college, and my mothers and fathers jobs call upon them to work severe overtime. If there was one thing I could change about the world, I would make people do just that, jimmy what they have, and think, just give a mentation about all the good things they have. Their various talents, to have your family with you, to have a shoulder to lean on, people that business organization about them, or just a enter to be educated. It is a sad fact that to more then half of the people on earth, their adjacent meal is uncertain a place to call home may be nonexistent, people working on farms, selling themselves, finding anyway to depict by, with their family and loved ones. Think about that, and do something to help out. Support a charity, send clothes or food to drives, or just pray. A depleted difference to one person goes a long way.Like in that Peace Corps commercial, where a young boy is walking down a beach, picking up starfish and throwing them top into the sea, so they dont get washed up and die. His grandmother strides up to him and says Oh Jimmie, there are so many miles of shore, and so many starfish. Do you re ally think you can make a difference? Jimmie, keeping his eyes on the horizon picks up a starfish and throws it back in, and says softly, I made a difference to that one.one starfish essays research papers All throughout my life, Ive always regarded sports as one of the most important things in my life. Theyve always been there, to a point where Ive taken my skills for granted. However, in light of a changing world, I have come to realize that taking anything, much less your gifts, for granted is a titanic error.The thing is in this world, you tend not to notice something, till its gone. I have learned that many times. Ill use the example of my parents Like most families, I grew up with both my parents there for me, and didnt realize how lucky I was to have that, until two years ago, when my parents jobs caused them to separate, and ever since then even a dinner with both of them has become a rare occasion one that I savor. Even when I am at home (wherever that is) I dont see muc h of my family, with my sister being at college, and my mothers and fathers jobs call upon them to work severe overtime. If there was one thing I could change about the world, I would make people do just that, appreciate what they have, and think, just give a thought about all the good things they have. Their various talents, to have your family with you, to have a shoulder to lean on, people that care about them, or just a place to be educated. It is a sad fact that to more then half of the people on earth, their next meal is uncertain a place to call home may be nonexistent, people working on farms, selling themselves, finding anyway to get by, with their family and loved ones. Think about that, and do something to help out. Support a charity, send clothes or food to drives, or just pray. A small difference to one person goes a long way.Like in that Peace Corps commercial, where a young boy is walking down a beach, picking up starfish and throwing them back into the sea, so they d ont get washed up and die. His grandmother strides up to him and says Oh Jimmie, there are so many miles of shore, and so many starfish. Do you really think you can make a difference? Jimmie, keeping his eyes on the horizon picks up a starfish and throws it back in, and says softly, I made a difference to that one.

A Streetcar Named Desire Film Analysis Essay

These actors take on the difficult task of bringing twain complex, emotional characters onto the silver screen. With spot-on reactions to each others theatrical advances, the pair create an experience that is both enjoyable and expressively coherant. Vivian Leigh was cast for the role of Blanch DuBois for various reasons. She was white, slender, rise-favoured and had already acted in several other films.Tennessee Williams, the author of the original play, saw Leighs performances in plays such as The School for Scandal and Antigone, and decided that she was perfect(a) for the role. All that Leigh needed to change was the color of her hair, which was originally black. Leigh does a splendid job of portraying Blanches ascending insanity by seamlessly transitioning from melodramatic injure into her signature faux semblants, or pretense. An example of this is the scene where Blanche sits alone in Stellas apartment crying until a delivery man comes to the door.Blanche is then chop-cho p transformed into a mysterious temptress who seduces the young man into kissing her. Leighs uncommon ability to switch from such extreme emotions brings a agreeable distinction to the film. Blanches eccentric and offbeat personality requires a talented actress to be be fully realized. Leighs acting style works well with the other actors, and expresses a coherence so profound that one might often forget that she is acting. The role of Harold Mitchell was one that needed to be fulfilled in order for the script to make sense.Mitch is described as being two hundred and seven pounds, six foot one and having a massive organize structure. His physique is an important aspect of his character, thus making it imperative for the actor to meet these conditions to be casted for the role. Karl Malden is tall and bulky, with a large nose and a receding hairline. These traits accenuate Mitchs awkward demeanor and informs the audience of how lonely he is without him having to say it. Malden also shares Leighs ability to transition between emotional extremes. For instance, in the beginning of the scene where Mitch confronts Blanche about her lies, he is silent.Though after hearing more of her absurd grip on reality, he snaps into an aggressive brute who pins Blanche to the wall. Maldens on-screen chemistry with Leigh is apparent throughout the film, and is believable the entire time. Vivian Leigh and Karl Maldens performances perfectly depicted the tragic twosome that is Blanche and Mitch. With Leighs seamless transitions of polar-opposite emotions and Maldens angry heretofore passsionate fits of rage, the two give what are easily the best performances of the film. From their intriguing introductionto their dreadful departure, no purer chemistry has been captured so passionately.

Empirical Analysis of Internet User in Dhaka City

Empirical analysis of net employmentr in capital of Bangladesh city BY Md. Faisal BBA (Studying) quaternate year Major in International Business Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Emailfaisal. emailprotected com Customer Analysis A questionnaire survey method has been employ to analyze the customer of profit services in Dhaka city. We basically tried to find the percentage of net profit user, using sort, nature of expenditure, satisfaction level, and the probability for a b are-assed argumentation to enter into the market. The percentage of meshing user in Dhaka CityAmong all respondents of our survey, 78% people use internet and the rest 22% do not use internet. This is given in the pursuance graph Figure1. 1 The percentage of internet user in Dhaka City From the above figure, we earth-closet easily understand the percentage of internet user in Dhaka City. Among all 78%user, majority be students, businessman, and cloak-and-dagger employee. On the other han d among all 22%non user, majority are government employee, small and medium (SME) business owner. Using pattern There are many internet services admitr in Dhaka City that provide different internet package. As a result the using pattern of people is different.Using pattern can be divided into the fol confuseding categories A) Forms of internet utilise by the people B) send preferences C) Package preference A) Forms of internet used by the people Internet can be divided into different forms. These are (A1) Broadband internet (A2) Wireless Modem (A3) Mobile Internet (A4) Wi-Fi In Dhaka city, people use different forms of internet. The graphical figure of different forms used by the people is given below Figure 1. 2 Forms of internet used by the people (%) The figure (1. 2) shows that 74% people use wireless modem, 17% use broadband internet, 7%use mobile internet and 2% use Wi-Fi.This figure clearly mentions that people prefer wireless modem over broadband internet. The reasons are the following (1)Wireless modem internet provides better revive than broadband. (2)Low link Cost (3)Prepaid package (4)Suitable for both Desktop computer and the Laptop The people specially the university student have the facility to use Wi-Fi. The Wi-Fi coverage area is genuinely limited in Dhaka City. Some people also use mobile interne B) Brand preferences Many companies in Dhaka city provide internet services. These are the followings A)Broadband Services provider B)Banglalion Wimax C)Qubee D)Citycell E)AirtelF)Robi G)Banglalink H)GP bulk use Different Brand. Brand preferences are shown in the following graph Figure 1. 3 Brand Preferences The above figure shows that 17% people use broadband internet,30%use banglalion wimax,23%use qubee,7. 5%use citycell ,2. 5%use airtel,and20. 51%use Grameenphone (GP) internet. We can say from our survey that top two marques are banglalion and qubee. Others are the broadbandservics provider, GP, citycell and the airtel. C) Package preferen ce There are many types of internet packages are useable . People use different package based on their demand, cost structure, and brand preferences.The following graph shows the different packages used by the people Figure 1. 3 package preferences According to the figure 1. 3, it is clear that 43. 5%people use immeasurable package, 7. 39%people use internet minipac, 5. 51%people use a package that has limitations of more than 800MB. 35. 56% people use 800MB-1GB package, 7. 69% use 1-2. 5GB package. And 2. 56% use other package. Basically business man and enough people prefer unlimited package. On the other hand students and low income group normally prefer the rest of the package. So 56. 5% do not prefer unlimited package.So the internet services provider of Dhaka city must be careful about this issues while developing juvenile packages. 3. 3 Nature of Expenditure Expenditure for using internet services can be divided into two parts. These are 1. Initial Connection dart 2. mont hly using charge 1. Initial connection Charge If anyone wants to use internet services, first they have to pay for their connection. Connection charge varies from company to company. In Dhaka city the range of connection charge is BDT 1000-3500. 2. Monthly using Charge Monthly using charge depends on the internet packages which are used by the internet user in Dhaka city.The following table shows the monthly for different packages Packages Monthly Payment UnlimitedMore than 1000 taka Minipac internetLess than 250 taka 450MB-800MB250-300 taka 800MB-1GB300-350 taka 1GB-2. 5GB350-600taka 2. 5-5GB600-750taka Table 1. 1 Monthly using charge From table 1. 1 we have found that there is a correlation between the internet packages and monthly payment. When the using volume increases the monthly expenditure also increases. 3. 4 Satisfaction level When the people were asked whether they satisfied or not about their internet services, majority replied that they are not satisfied.The following f igure shows the satisfaction level of the internet user in Dhaka city Figure 1. 4 Satisfaction level of the Internet User in Dhaka City The above figure shows that 71. 79% internet users are dissatisfied with their current package. The rest 30. 76% are satisfied. The main reasons of Dissatisfaction are the impenetrable browsing and download speed. From our survey, we found that 96% people get browsing speed less than 256kbps. Only 4% people get browsing speed more than 256kbps. In case of download speed, 30%people get speed less than 20kbps. 35. 89% people get the speed which range is 20-50kbps. 30. 6% people get the speed which range is 50-80kbps. And 5. 12% people get speed more than 100kbps. Because of these slow speeds the internet user has to spend long cadence to download anything from internet. It also increases their prospect cost. So they are dissatisfied. Opportunity for a new business to enter into the market Is there any opportunity for a new business to enter into th e market? the answer is yes. The following arguments support this answer Among all respondents of our survey, 78% people use internet and the rest 22% do not use internet. The user rate is very high. So we can say that the market is potential.Demand is there. Through analysis this demand, a new firm can enter into the market. When the people were asked whether they satisfied or not about their internet services, 71. 79% replied that they are not satisfied. But still they are using internet services. They want to get better. All will prefer high speed internet services. About 67. 85% people suggested to have unlimited packages and they are ready to pay on an average 750 taka per month for their packages. About 32. 15% people suggested having minimum 3GB internet packages and they are ready to pay on an average 350 taka per month for their packages.They are ready to switch their services if any company can satisfy their demand. If a new firm can have in mind that they will satisfy t he get hold ofs of the customer, they can easily enter into the market. The market is really potential. Many people do not use internet because of their low income level. The price of desktop computer or a laptop is high. But recently Bangladesh has produced its own laptop and notebook at more reasonable prices. The brand name is DOEL. Still now it is not available in the local market. Recently our government has said these laptop and notebook will be available in the market as early as possible.When these will be available in the market, the computer user will be increased. As a result the internet user will also be increased. So it will become an opportunity for a new business to enter into the market. The need of information is increasing rapidly. Internet is the major sources of information. Increasing information needs can be a major opportunity for a new business to enter into the market. The use of internet to market, sells, promote, or buy a product or services are increasi ng rapidly. This may be another opportunity for a new business to enter into the market.

Miss Representation

Hattie Godine English 1302 Essay 3 Todays statistics shows women and young girls in the media areas of video, has more than attention placed upon them, and its non always in a positive way. In the documentary film Miss Representation the portrayal changes the way the public and almost men would study women. These magnitude make of the role of women experience had for many years. Some organizations and commercial ads display women and girls with the idea that their beauty lies in beauty products and tanning machines along with cosmetic products.Researchers have be concerns that many support the idea of the detrimental harm that this attention brings to our society. Are women of todays generation being exploited as nothing more than sex objects? Records show that the United States is still very below in average for women holding how power governmental positions. Miss Representation movie is no longer just a movie film, but has become a complete campaign to instill the empowerm ent for women and young girls. The campaign will make sense challenges to people who have made attempts on transforming our culture for the advancement of all kind.All through the campaign, you will become educated in one form are another. From Hillary Clinton and Sarah Palin running for the first Women president of the United States it shows that our society still has a long way to go. We have not yet made it to the point of women having check rights as men do. There is more to the story than Miss. Representation presents, because there are 65% of women that suffer from many self-afflicting diseases, Things such as simply not being the right shape, color of skin and height creates a hold different prospective on the matter.Example like alimentation disorder behavior has reiterate against young women in the past century. (Health Day News reports) Almost two-thirds (65lpercent) of young American women report disordered eating behaviors, and 10 percent report symptoms of eating dis orders such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder. ) Copyright 2013 ABC News Internet Ventures Yahoo ABC News Network. Television alike has chance uponn on a new twist to young girls as they view ifferent shows like American Next Top Model and some naive realism shows they feel this is the direction that our lives should be based upon and this is the way a girl are women should like thru a television lens. Viewing too much television puts our young children at sufficient harms way. Stats show viewing TV 10 hours each day is much too on the hook(predicate) mentally. It also becomes very addictive for our young people. When Sue Katz states that I just question how crucial the dream of power and influence is to most women today. As she give tongue to its the movie is getting its air time but what really is the message that is being sent out to the public.As Ms. Newsome interviewed several governments official that are females have open views to the highest de gree women in politics and what their limitation have been so far in the chain of command. Women should be of equal concerns with issues, such as expect equality as well. We can work the same average hours as a man can expect the same pay along with some times long hours to get the job done. Its a choice that some females make for themselves. Education does play a sufficient role in what type of career are profession you want to take and pay received with that career. Often times women are looked over because of sexuality.The pay net gap is very real the economy has been a slow process in recovery and women that are not fortunate enough to be homemakers and take care of school age children are subjected to taking only minimum wage jobs and earning a lot less money than men. Abortion laws is another flower of ice bird that can been a challenging topic of pro anti-abortion rights for women. Some people who willingly support the federal ban on laws about abortion issues believes tha t the government has taken on the responsibility of perhaps protecting the unborn fetus, and that is not the Right of the government officials.Women should be able to make the determination of if they choice to abort an unborn child. Unless there is a life threating situation that endangers the child or the mother the decision should be left in the men of the parents. Adapting the laws in the United States Constitution stimulately leaning toward the support Overturned the Constitution Roe V. Wade. Chief Justice John Roberts & Justice Samuel Alito made it clear that the pro-Rue is under scrutiny interpretation of the standard of Casey, the was believed to be about anti-abortion bowel movement continues to lose its balance ground level in the areas of politics and court.Women Rights from the abolition movement of the 1800s is of many women of all walks of life beginning with SNCC and SCLS but the more traditional groups are NAACP women were treated like second class citizens. Some of these women believed the women liberations groups were radical. There were iii key events that took place to form new movements for women equal rights in the 60s. The American Women, released in 1963 recognized widespread Discrimination against women in all walks of life.The accomplished Rights movement and publication of Betty Friedans The Feminine Mystique, which many women would questions their own lives and status in society and concluding there was something wrong. In 1964 the Civil Rights Act command discrimination based not only on race but also on sex. Some of the Senators in Congress still jokingly view its addition as a means to dishonor the total act and guarantee its defeats against discrimination. In the year of 1966 Equal Opportunity Commission did not enforce laws as it applied to sex discrimination, and female activist was immediately formed the National Organization for Women.NOW was molded very closely after the NAACP. They worked very voteless within the systems to stop discrimination. Women can be portrayed better in the lime light of the media by giving us the same privileges that are disposed(p) to males. That includes the powerful position in politics and leadership in government. Some of the media coverage that views on television shows, video dancing, and film producing sexist toward women and their bodies makes it difficult for discover to be valuable.Only seeing the sexy side of a woman not the knowledge she may hold within her personality. Diverse advisement coverage of women is know worldwide with a lot of information. Society along is mostly shaped with influence buy what we look like as women not what we think. And that can be taken as direct criticisms. Our values are and should be measured in ways better used to see, think and feel. Women are constantly portrayed in sexually ways and we continue to be seen as sex object, and this is a violation of our human rights.Research shows targeting areas of imagines in a more positive progeny on our selves. Effecting Self-esteem issues for women sometimes of not feeling as beautiful and not to compare themselves with other females who look ideally thin and more beautiful. Cited sources as follows (Cilvilbiliberty about. com/od/abortion/a/abortion2012. htm) (http//www. typepad. com/services/trackback/6a00d8341c7a9753ef0168ea9b7cdb970c) (Sabato) (Sabato)sexucalityhttp//www. policymic. com/articles/4439/are-women-in-the-media-only-

Political Science Essay

INTODUCTIONPublic administration is indispensable of decision qualification beca implement decision making precise of the essence(p) in the sustenance of organisations. There ar a numeral of decision making standards .These include perspicacious comprehensive nonplus, satisficing model, additive model and mingled scanning model. All of them have their assumptions, strengths and weaknesses to be discussed below. None of these models is the outflank but it depends on the nature of the problem at hand. However, one may argue that intellectual comprehensive model appears to be the outstrip model among others nonwithstanding the fact that it has some limitations. therefrom decision making is very crucial in usual administration, as it provides solutions to emanating societal problems. BODYDefinition of key termsAccording to Barrons Accounting Dictionary, decision making is a purposeful selection from among a set of picks in the light of a given objective. According to We b Definitions it is a cognitive cognitive process of reaching a decision. To Simon decision making is equivalent with management. He calls it the heart of the organisation. In general decision making is an act of choosing between two or more courses of action. RATIONAL COMPEHENSIVE conclusiveness MAKING idealAssumptionsCarley cited in McGrew et al (198249) believes that rationality has a common core meaning. That is distinction between ends or and goals and means to achieve those goalssome rules for evaluating the cost and benefits of each alternative means so as to select the optimum solution to the decision problem in a way which would,be constructed and examined by analysts. gum olibanum to be rational is to be systematic, logical, intelligent and reasoning. It assumes that decision makers ar rational beings who are driven by the need to maximise .It withal assumes that one has to be comprehensive in order to be rationality .It assumes that decision makers have predictive capabilities to foresee accurately the consequences of alternative decisions. It also assumes that decision makers have higher propensity to rile of information and resources. thusly the rational model has confidence in the decision makers since they are assumed to be rational. Stages involved in rational decisionmaking processBarber (198335)rational comprehensive decision making approach deals with a programme of logical and sequential steps. The first step is to advert a problem and all values related to the problem. This is what Hebert Simon call intelligent activity. For example the notion of occupational hazards, deaths and injuries at work place. The second objective is context of goals and objectives to solve the problem. In this situation objectives might be creation of healthful environment, reduction of deaths and injuries. The third stage is listing all possible alternatives for achieving set goals. This is what Simon calls the image stage. The fourth stage is to lis t costs and possible consequences. In relation with the given example alternatives may be penalising organisations which are not attaining good health. This may be effective because organisations may comply. However, it may be burdensome on the part of the employer. It may lead to erosion of capital base of the organisation and that has the credibly hood of hindering production. Awards to organisations which met the required health are another alternative. This may motivate organizations to have high safety standards. However, this may lead some organizations kindred National Social Security Association (NSSA) to lose. Another alternative is enhancement of inspectors which may be effective. However, it may be ineffective since inspectors may receive bribes. The cultivation stage is to select the best or best option. This is what Simon calls choice activity. In this case the best option may be the notion of penal codes. thusly, it is crucial for a decision maker to follow all the above stages as to complete the process of rational decision making. Strengths and significanceIt emphasizes the need to think critically through problems. It emphasises on the consequences of national decision making. It also emphasises values of fiscal planning and interrogation. Hence rational model is very significant in providing solutions to encountered problems. WeaknessesHebert Simon was awake(predicate) of the limitations of rational model and he developed the idea of bounded rationality. He pointed out those human beings lacks cognitive to optimize. It is expensive and time consuming because ofrigorous research and analysis. termination makers are not always able to comprehend all possible information neither are they able to identify all applicable criteria, all alternatives and their possible consequences. There is no certainty about the future. The model invests in mans predictive powers hence it remains a utopian. Decision makers are tempted to maximize personal go als than societal goals .For example, it is alleged that the land reform programme benefited the top state officials than the majority. It assumes that agreement can be reached yet existence in urban governance is that there are difficulties on interpersonal social goals. Problems cannot be dealt with in isolation, as the model assumes, because problems are always interconnected. Therefore rational model have its own constraints which then give birth to other models. SATISFICING DECISION MAKING MODELAssumptionsFollowing the observed problems with rational model Simon (1947) proposed his own model called the satisficing model. According to Online Dictionary satisficing is a decision making strategy that aims for satisficing results rather than optimal solution This is because optimal solution may get needless expenditure, energy and resources. In reality optimizing model is unrealistic. Realistic model takes into account bounded rationality. When faced with problems, decision maker s try to reduce the problem to the take that it can be readily understood but acting within the confines of bounded rationality. Decision makers do not struggle to find the best but stop when they find the first acceptable solution. A simple example is as follows. A task is to sew a patch into a pair of jeans which requires a four inch long with a three millimeter eye. This needle is hidden in a haystack along with jet other needles varying from size .Satisficing model claims that the first needle to sew the patch is the one that should be used. The criteria are far from being exhaustive. In the process decision makers may resort to past solutions or those that have been tried elsewhere. Stages are similar with those of rational model. Therefore, satisficing model emphasizes on satisfying decisions rather than optimal ones. StrengthsThe theory is based on human capabilities hence it is more realistic than theoretical. The model is faster since there is no in depth study. Whenthere is unbounded amount of information available, the model can be beneficial because it helps the decision maker to effectively and efficiently reach a conclusion. Also it is manageable. It is practical and nociceptive to difficulties since it is based on satisficing.This raise the notion of s realistic administrative who is conditioned by organisational culture. Probably thats why satisficing model is also called administrative model. An organisational man complies with the established rules and regulations and follows the established course of action. frankincense man is intentionally rationalized and not naturally rational. Therefore, satisficing model is significant in decision making in particular in that it overcomes some of the weaknesses of rational model. DemeritsThis model can be detrimental when used in the wrong way. For example when considering a medical issue much(prenominal) as diagnosis, it is not the best strategy to use. Another example is when the government is making fundamental decisions like policies concerning declaration of wars it is not the best method to apply. Thus the model is not best where best decisions need to be made.INCREMENTAL DECISION MAKING MODELAssumptionsFollowing the observed shortcomings of rational model Lindblom severely criticized the rational model. In its place he substituted it with incremental model. It assumes that the status quo is the basic frame of reference, the focus is only short, only a narrow range of alternatives are considered. Decisions occur through an incremental process of successive limited comparisons. The crucial activities, problems, issues are most important and measurement of costs and benefits occurs informally. In this model the best decision is that which satisfies the demands of immediate situation. Examples include constitutional amendments, budgetary process, resource allocation and distribution. Therefore, incremental model is significant in decision making where emphasis is set a part on the preservation of status quo. Stages involvedThe model involves four stages which follow. The first stage is defining goalor objective. In incrementalism, goals and alternatives occur simultaneously. It requires a venial set of alternatives to reduce complexity in decision making process. In stage two decision makers only consider a limited number of consequences for each alternative. At stage three problems confronting the decision maker are continually redefined. At stage four an agreement is reached on at least one good solution even if it is not the best possible solution. An example is as follows, status quo OperationMurambatsvina which was aimed at cleaning the nation of Zimbabwe in 2005.However, it left some people homeless. The new objective may be to provide shelter for these homeless people. The new policy made on incremental bases is Operation Garikai which aimed at building homes for people. Unfortunately it is alleged that this policy was ineffective to some extent since only a few(prenominal) people were served under this service because of corruption. Therefore the model has few stages to be followed.StrengthsThe model is realistic, practical and politically expedient since it is easy to agree on marginal modifications. The model seeks to avoid problems associated with rational model. Thus Lindblom (1947) describes his model as The Science of Muddling through. This model is the most feasible approach to systematic decision making when issues are complex, uncertain and riddled with conflict. It reduces conflicts which are normally associated with radical fundamental decisions. It acknowledges the constraints within which practical decision making takes place. For example it acknowledges that decision makers especially in the government do not ordinarily have time, intelligence, capacity and the will to indulge in rational decision making on a day to day basis. It saves time and resources and acknowledges that problems are not distinc t from each other hence interlinked. Hence incremental model is an effective and essential in decision making because of the above strengths.DemeritsIt is being accuse of being conservative hence it is an obstacle to innovation. Booth(1978) cited in McGrew(1982119) for instance, has described these factors in the machinery of local government in Britainwhich have inhabited the introduction of alternatives to residential use of strong, rational services against extensive supply of residential provision. Thus the model is incompatible in the making of fundamental decisions. It is not compatible in wide-ranging scale policy. The model only works in stable conditions. It is accused of promoting short sightedness. Small incremental steps may lead to undesirable consequences. It is also criticise of lack of direction because of the notion of muddling through. Accordingly, incremental model also have its own weaknesses just like other models.MIXED SCANNING DECISION MAKING MODELAssumption sThis model is associated with Amitai Etzioni in 1976.The model takes rational approach and smaller set of decisions to be made incrementally. Thus the application of the model depends on the prevailing situation. The model emphasises scanning of a number of possibilities from which is generated selection of alternatives for action. It is more rational in practice to be selective and systematic about a limited number of feasible options and rationally to examine all the choices, Lee et al (198253).For instance, situations like declaration of wars calls for fundamental decisions. Therefore, mixed scanning is also a very significant model of decision making. StrengthsIt is developed as an changeive strategy and practical approach to complex and uncertain situations. It reduces the unrealistic aspects of rationalism by limiting the details required in fundamental decisions. Contextualising rationalism helps to overcome the conservative slant of increamentalism by exploring long run al ternatives. Hence, each of the two elements in mixed scanning helps to reduce shortcomings of the other ,between incrementalism and rationalism as noted by Etzioni (1969390) cited in McGrew et al (1982120).It permits taking advantage of both rational and incremental approaches in unalike situations. It permits adjustments of rapidly changing environment such as global concern namely security, poverty and diseases by providing flexibility necessary to adapt decision making to specific circumstance. It considers the capacity of decision maker. Ijeoma (201020) states that it is best in adverse cultural, political andreligious beliefs as well as the economic and developmental inequalities that exist between developed and undeveloped countries. Therefore, one can note that mixed scanning model is essential and very beneficial since it is a crew of two models. WeaknessesIt is not clear if the unrealistic and conservative shortcomings would actually be avoided. Specification of details i s omitted so that an overview is feasible Therefore this approach seems to have few limitations as compared to other models. CONCLUSIONIn a nutshell, there are various approaches of decision making which can be applied in different situations. These include rational, satisficing, incremental and mixed scanning. Each model has its assumptions, strengths and weaknesses. None of these is the best, each model is best when applied in a right and appropriate situation. Thus the choice of approach to be used depends on the situation on the ground. It is crucial for decision makers to have the knowledge of where and when any of these models can be applied. blow to do so may result in undesirable consequences. However, although these models are equally important, one may subjectively argue that rational comprehensive model is the best of them all because of its characteristics.NAME ROSELINE T CHARUMBIRAREG NUMBER R123982HDEGREE POLITICAL SCIENCECOURSE AND COUSE STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONSCODE OF earth ADMINISTRATION(PA111)NAME OF LECTURERMR ZVOUSHENAME OF teaching MR CHILUNJIKAASSISTANCETUTORIAL GROUP WEDNESDAY 0900 1000DATE OF SUBMISSION 10-04-13QUESTION OUTLINE AND CRITICALLYDISSCUSS ANY FOUR MODELSOF DECISION MAKING INPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION.BIBLIOGRAPHYBarber ,M.P.1983. Public Administration.3rd edition. Britain Macdonald and Evans Barons Accounting Dictionary.Ijeoma,E.O.2010.Africas New Public Policy Imperatives for Globalisation and the National building in Nigeria. South Africa Africa Institute of South Afric Lee,K.Mills,A.1982.Policy-Making and preparation in Health Sector. Britan Croom Helm Ltd. McGrew ,A .G .Wilson ,M.J.1982.Decision Making Approaches and Analysis. Manchester Manchester University Press. Online DictionaryWeb Definitions.Decision Making.Retrieved fromhttp//www.answers.com/topic/decision making.accessed on 02/o4/13

Barrier & Computer

Computer hardware is no longer a major barrier to wide use of radio communication information systems. This is due to the number of different systems avail able to connect on. I will be discussing 3 of these, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and 3G. The Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) standard is based on the 802. 11 specification and is currently the most common standard for wireless home and small-office networking. Wi-Fi is ideal for small-business and home wireless networks with an indoor eye socket of about 150 feet and an outdoor range of about 300 feet.In a simple network, the network signal is brought into the home/office via a modem, and a router/access point distributes the signal. There are quatern common versions of 802. 11, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. 802. 11n The 802. 11n specification is the most recent development in the area of Wi-Fi. 802. 11n builds on previous 802. 11 standards by adding multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and 40 megahertz channels to the phys ical (PHY) layer, and frame aggregation to the MAC layer. MIMO is a technology which uses multiple antennas to coherently resolve more information than possible victimization a single antenna.Two important benefits it provides to 802. 11n are antenna diversity and spatial multiplexing. 802. 11g The 802. 11g specification is the most recent of the Wi-Fi specs to be approved and is currently the most commonly implemented Wi-Fi standard. Like 802. 11n and 802. 11b, 802. 11g operates in the 2. 4GHz spectrum, but without the MIMO advantage of 802. 11n, 802. 11g is highly subject to interference from other electronic devices that operate in the same spectrum, such as cordless phones and baby monitors. 802. 11b As the first popular Wi-Fi technology, the 802.11b specification offers slower data speeds than 802. 11n, 802. 11g, or 802. 11a, with a theoretical throughput of 11Mbps and real-world performance of about 5Mbps. Otherwise, its specs reverberate those of 802. 11g. 802. 11b has an i ndoor range of about 150 feet, and it operates in the 2. 4GHz band, making it highly susceptible to interference from other devices. On the positive side, 802. 11b products are very inexpensive, if you raise find them. 802. 11a An oddity of the Wi-Fi specs is 802. 11aits less common but does have certain advantages over 802.11g. 802. 11a operates in the 5GHz frequency, which means its less susceptible to interference from cordless phones and microwave ovens. 802. 11a also boasts speeds similar to 802. 11g, though because 802. 11g and 802. 11a use different frequencies, they cant talk directly to one another. If youre using an 802. 11a adapter on a notebook, you wont be able to connect to most Wi-Fi hot signatures. 802. 11a also lacks the range of the other Wi-Fi flavors, spanning only about 100 feet. Finally, the 5GHz radio inside 802.11a products will drain power rapid than a 2. 4GHz radio . Next is Bluetooth, a low-power radio signal specification that allows devices to communi cate and exchange information on a smaller scale than Wi-Fi using a personal-area network. Bluetooths practical throughput is roughly 500Kbps, and its range is no more than 30 feet, making Bluetooth ideal for simple exchanges of information amid devices. Bluetooth is also easier to use than Wi-Fi. Bluetooth devices that amaze within range of each other can communicate automatically with little or no setup.Common applications for Bluetooth include wireless keyboards and mice for notebook and desktop PCs, communication and file transfers between PCs and PDAs wireless printing to a Bluetooth printer and wireless headsets for cell phones. Newer applications include Bluetooth-enabled cars that communicate with Bluetooth-enabled phones, allowing for true hands-free phone operation in the car. However, Bluetooth operates on the 2. 4GHz band, subject to the same interference issues as 802. 11 network devices.3G is an broad term that refers to third- multiplication wireless networks that d eliver broadband speeds to cell phones and other mobile devices. With speeds between 144Kbps and 2. , you can download files, surf the Web, send and receive e-mail, or stream music and video over the cellular networks. With a cellular modem or a 3G phone, you dont have to find discrete hot spots an entire metropolitan area with a 3G network is essentially a giant hot spot of sorts. There are several types of 3G to choose from. The two main versions of 3G are UMTS and EVDO. Speeds for each are comparable, though EVDO is more widely available.Currently, Verizon Wireless is the main provider of EVDO networks, with coverage in about 50 cities and metropolitan areas. UMTS is available through Cingular/AT&T Wireless, though only in very limited areas. Cingular/AT&T also provides EDGE networks, which are technically 2. 5G cellular technology. EDGE is slower than both UMTS and EVDO, transmitting data at rates of about 90Kbps. On the plus side, EDGE networks are more widely available than U MTS, and in fact, Cingular encourages using EDGE networks when outside of their geographically limited UMTS coverage areas .The next generation of wireless system is, WiBro (Wireless Broadband) is a wireless broadband Internet technology developed by the South Korean telecoms industry. WiBro is the South Korean service nurture for IEEE 802. 16e international standard. WiBro adopts TDD for duplexing, OFDMA for multiple access and 8. 75 MHz as a channel bandwidth. WiBro was devised to overcome the data rate limitation of mobile phones and to add mobility to broadband Internet access In February 2002, the Korean government allocated 100 MHz of electromagnetic spectrum in the 2.3 2. 4 GHz band, and in late 2004 WiBro Phase 1 was standardized by the TTA of Korea and in late 2005 ITU reflected WiBro as IEEE 802. 16e. Two South Korean Telecoms (KT, SKT) launched commercial service in June 2006 . In the course of just a few short years, wireless technologies have changed the way we connec t computers, phones, PDAs, and other devices both to each other and to the Internet. Today, Wi-Fi is the most popular wireless local-area networking technology and is nowadays a common feature of many laptops, PDAs, and even cameras.Bluetooth has opened the door to low cost wireless personal-area networks (WPAN). Designed primarily as a cable system replacement technology, WPAN systems help you connect with low power requirements at short ranges. WWANs, or wireless wide-area networks, are designed to deliver high bandwidth across galactic areas. WWANs are already beginning to offer wireless alternatives to cable Internet access and DSL. As a result, these technologies and upcoming technologies have led to hardware no longer being a barrier to the wide use of wireless technologies.

Ghost in Hamlet

The Role of the Ghost in settlement by William Shakespeare The role of the touch in critical point is twofold for the first time it is to create interest secondly it is to further the narrative of the play. Shakespeare recognized that he needed to create interest in the listening from the very first guessing of the play. The play opens with a conversation between Officers of the Watch who patrol the Battlements of Elsinore castle. Their talk is of aghost who has appeared before twice previously What, has this thing appeared once more than this night? Immediately this arouses the audiences curiosity.What is the nature of this thing that has appeared? Horatio, who has not seen the ghost, voices the scepticism that some of the audience may pick up been feeling Tush, Tush, twill not appear. Suspense is therefore created in the minds of the audience i. e. will the ghost actually appear does the ghost exist? The character of Horatio is transmission lineed with that of Barnardo, Francisco and Marcellus. Barnardo, Francisco and Marcellus are believers in the ghost, whereas Horatio, who is highly educated, unlike Barnardo, Francisco and Marcellus, questions the ghost existence.When the ghost finally appears in line 40, cutting short Barnardos line, it is a moment of high drama resulting from the tension that has been created. The coming into court of the ghost has ahuge impacton two the characters and the audience (who together with Horatio see the ghost for the first time). Horatio, sceptic, expresses his venerate and amazement in the first line he speaks since seeing the ghost a. It harrows me with fear and appreciation. The audience would confirm been filled with similar emotions on seeing the ghost, and would constitute realised that the behavior of the ghost signifies that something is wrong.Elizabethans believed that only people who died without the chance of confessing their sins walked the globe as troubled spirits. Horatio questions the ghost, which disappears mysteriously without speaking. When the ghost fails to speak, it adds to the tension of the scene and the apprehension of the characters. The ghost lines a second appearance in Act 1 delineation 1 after Horatio has talked about preparations for war with Norway. This sets up the idea in the minds of the audience that the ghost may have something to do with the on going war, but, again the ghost does not speak, and so the audience is left with unanswered questions.This sense of mystery sustains interest and builds suspense in the preparation for scene 2. At this exhibit the nature of the ghost is ambiguous. Is it a good ghost, it appears in the form of Old critical point, or is it an erring spirit? It disappeared when the cock crowed i. e. at first light. The audience would have known that light represent goodness, and dark represents evil. Horatio comments And then it started like a guilty thing. The audience would have been left wondering why the say guilty had been applied to the ghost. Is the ghost to be trusted, or not?The only thing person who can decide is settlement Let us impart what we have seen tonight unto young settlementa. In the next scene Horatio tells settlement after some prevarication, that he has seen his generates ghost. Hamlet is thoroughly depressed because his mother Gertrude, has re-married very quickly. To make matters worse, she has married Claudius, Old Hamlets brother, whom young Hamlet mis-trusts. This is a man With one auspicious and one dropping eye Which an Elizabethan audience, would have recognized as the sign of a hypocrite.Horatio describes the ghost to Hamlet, emphasising that the ghost appears to look like Old Hamlet a. A figure like your father armed exactly, cap-a-pe And is dress in armour. Hamlet wants to know everything about the ghost, where it appeared, whether it spoke etc, and by dint of his short, excited questions which he utters in quick succession, reinforces the mystery and ambiguit y of the ghost, thus building the audiences first moment of the second appearance of the spirit. The scene closes with Hamlet arranging to take the watch on the battlements that night, in order to meet with the ghost.He asks the others to keep quiet about the appearance of the ghost. The ghost appears to Hamlet in Act1, Scene 4. Immediately, the ambiguous nature of the ghost is addressed. Hamlet himself says, Be thou a spirit of health, or goblin curst , Meaning is the ghost to be trusted, or is it some evil creature come to destroy? The ghost refuses to speak in front of the others, but beckons Hamlet away to speak with him alone. Marcellus and Horatio are suspicious of the ghost intentions Marcellus. But do not go with it Horatio. No, by no means.Eventually, almost fighting out his companions with a sword, Hamlet follows the ghost and they are alone. In scene 5, the role of the ghost moves from creating interest and suspense, to the function of moving on the narrative and plot line. Hamlet is not naturally a man of action, and, although suspicious of his Uncle Claudius, would not have tried to find out more about the circumstances surrounding his fathers death. It is the appearance of the ghost that forces Hamlet to take action, and therefore moves on the action of the play. The ghost begins by telling that he is in purgatory. Doomed for a certain termination to walk the night Hamlet must have felt puzzled and, at the same time, full of wonder and despair at the terrible federal agency his father is in. When his father finally reveals that he was murdered, Hamlet is overwhelmed. To make matters worse, the ghost then asks Hamlet to revenge his murder. Ghost. If ever thou didst ever thy dear father lovea. Hamlet. O God Ghost. Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder. Like Hamlet, at this point, the audience would want to know more. The questions that have been posed in Scene 1 are finally about to be answered.When the ghost reveals that he was murdere d by Claudius, Hamlet reacts with O my prophetic soul My uncle? Hamlet had suspected from the beginning that his uncle was the complete opposite of Old Hamlet in appearance, personality and action. Now his worse fears have been confirmed. His mother has married a liquidator Before the ghost leaves, Hamlet swears to revenge his murder. To make matters worse, the ghost describes the horrific nature of his death, by poison and the fact that he died without having confessed his sins With all my imperfections on my genius.This is in sharp contrast with the glib statement made by Claudius to Hamlet concerning the death of his father a. All that lives must die, passing through nature to eternity Finally, at the end of the scene Hamlet rejoins the others and confirms that the ghost is not evil but, It is an honest ghosta. He makes his friends swear to keep the existence of the ghost a secret. The cries of the unseen ghost SWEAR, SWEAR whom Hamlet calls old mole, reinforce Hamlets insist ence in secrecy. Interestingly, only Hamlet can hear the ghost.Is Hamlet really going mad? The final appearance of the ghost follows the pivotal scene. Up to this point there has been little action-taking place. Instead the play consists of building up characters, do motives and giving the audience information. After this the action increases dramatically in pace. Hamlet has the opportunity to kill Claudius, but fails because he believes that Claudius is praying. If he had known that Claudius cannot pray My rowing fly up my thoughts remain below, Words without thought never to heaven goPresumably, Hamlet would have killed Claudius and the play would be over. It is possible that Hamlet apply the situation as an excuse for the deed he was afraid to do. Therefore, when Hamlet confronts Gertrude he is full of frustration and anguish at his inability to act. In this scene, Hamlet almost loses his self-control and perhaps is truly mad. Having killed Polonius, it is only the entrance of the ghost that prevents Hamlet from harming his mother. This time, the ghost appears, not in armour, but a. In his habit as he livd In other words, dressed in every-day clothes.The ghost has changed no longer the warrior king seeking revenge for his murder, the ghost is more insubstantial a quieter, gentler ghost perhaps because it is nearer to oblivion. This ties in with the ghosts speech back in Act 1 Scene 5 when he says I am thy fathers spirit, Doomed for a certain term to walk the night This time only, Hamlet can see the ghost, which begs the question, is the ghost really there, or is Hamlet quite mad? The role of the ghost in this scene is primarily to remind Hamlet of his promise. Do not forgeta. However, the ghost also serves as a reproof to Hamlet, exhorting him to be gentle with Gertrude. Oh step between her and her fighting soul Conceit in weakest bodies strongest works Having delivered its message, the ghost simply slips away. In this scene, in contrast to earlier scen es in which the ghost appears, there is no knocking from underneath the stage, the ghost merely steals away. From this moment, the play gathers pace as Claudius attempt to have Hamlet killed, Ophelias commits suicide in her madness, and the final scene of the play ends in a blood bath.From the very first dramatic appearance of the ghost the hale plot is set in motion towards inexorable scene of murder and mayhem at the end of the play. Hamet appears to regain his sanity we as an audience wonder was he ever mad and if so was his madness incurred by the ghost. In conclusion it could be stated the ambiguity of the ghost is never resolved. This is questioned again because as a result of the ghost, the majority of the characters die. Therefore despite Hamlets thoughts of the ghost, in the end the audience wonder is the ghost and its intentions really, true and good or actually problematic and evil

Tutorial answers

If the scheme already exists, different scenarios can be tried using he feigning before tests being carried out on the real transcription. Alternatively if the system does not exist, the molding can be single- rankd give-up the ghostd to help decide on the final design of a system. a great deal in that location atomic number 18 constraints on the design that need to be investigated e. G. Constraints on cost, space, etc. Modification to systems at one snip they exist can be expensive hence it is important to try and get design of systems right-first-time and this is where moulding and simulation can be useful engineering excessivelyls.Example see lecture notes weekly under fraction Why is modeling important ?. 2 See notes 3. Components of system Inputs Outputs States Environment Tank Valve Pipes Inlet Flows of A and B Liquid level Level change in army tank Upstream of inlet to tank and downstream of outlet valve 4. See notes 5. See notes 6. Bookwork (as coursework 1) TU TORIAL ANSWERS 2 El . A proportional affinity for a component is here considered to be an unchanging relationship (and is often referred to in modeling price as a constitutive or physical relationship).These are the natural physical legal philosophys which the individual components of the system obey e. G. For an electrical system, the relationship between electric potentiality and current and in the special case of an warning resistor Ohms Law FRR. I E. Kerchiefs Current Law algebraic summation of only currents flowing into a junction of a network is zero. Kerchiefs Voltage Law algebraic summation of all electromotive forces acting somewhatwhat a loop of a circuit is zero. Examples see section 2. 2. Of lecture notes. E. The impedance of an element is its voltagecurrent ratio.Multiple picking Electrical Systems El(b) E(C) Problems Electrical Systems El . 3. 3 0, Ohms Law is obeyed since the resistance is invariant as the voltage varies Q. 40 A E. IV E. (a) 4. 4 0 (b) 16 (c) 4. 4 E. (a) 0. 68 V (b) 0. 47 V (c) 0. 34 V E. (a) 0. 2 V, 205 ma (b) 1. 03 V, 52 ma (c) 1. 16 V, 193 ma E. = 30/84 v = 0. 357*12 volts = 4. Volts E. VI = 366/191 = 1. 92 V, TUTORIAL ANSWERS 3 MI . (I) bounciness f = xx= k(XSL -xx) where x is the displacement (or extension) and k is the proportionality constant called the spring constant with units of wedge/displacement e. . N/m. Damper f = BE k(FL vi) where v is the velocity and B is the proportionality constant called a viscous friction coefficient or constant. Its dimension is gouge/velocity e. G. NSA/m. MM. See lecture notes. The force balance law demands that (a the acceleration). Analogies This is analogous to Kerchiefs voltage law, particularly if one treats the inertia acceleration as an alike force. Note In order to model a mechanical system, the usual practice is to form a free body diagram around each inertia ( deal) component.One will then end up with a set of simultaneous differential equations, the solutio n of which dictates the dynamics and constitutes the system model. In the case where there are no mass components, then ensure a force balance at selected points in the system. That is the net force acting on any point must be zero, I. E. Multiple selection Mechanical Systems MI . G) MM. (a,b) Problems Mechanical Systems MI. O. AN MM. 0. 05 arms Question/ Variable (NSA/m) 812 834 Biota I 2 1217 24/19= 1 . 263 4 15/8 60/47 = 1 . 276 Questions Thermal and smooth Systems TFH .A system is said to be in equilibrium when its behavior is steady I. E its output and inputs are unchanging. For the liquid level system with an inlet and outlet flow, this corresponds to the inlet and outlet flows being the same. Multiple Choice Thermal and Fluid Systems TFH. (b) TFH. (c) Problems Thermal and Fluid Systems TFH . The flow cannot be assumed to be laminar as the proportionality constant is not inner as the flow increases through the pipe I. E. I/R resistance (Pa. s/mm) 3 TUTORIAL ANSWERS 4 IQ .Meth ods that can be used to get the gradient of the straight line at t=2 sec are (I) plot a graph and determine where t=2 or (it) differentiate x(t) with respect to t and substitute t=2. Q. (a) Q. See lecture notes Q. Completing the table gives Electrical Component Equation Mechanical Component rotational Component Inductor Inertia Rotating inertia Resistor Damper Capacitor Spring Torsions spring Q. (a) utilise free body diagram on the mass-damper system of Fig. 5. 1, the mass and ampere can be considered to be in parallel.Force balance gives where thence (b) Similarly for the spring-damper system of Fig. 5. 2 Force balance gives where , (c) For the rotational blocking of Fig. 5. 3, a torque balance is required Torque balance givesand where, , Q. (a) For a resistor and capacitor in serial of Fig. 6. 1 Apply Kerchiefs Voltage Law gives (b) For a resistor and inductor in series of Fig. 6. 2 where , , (c) For a 5 resistors and a capacitor system of Fig. 6. 3, observe that this is near ly the same system as shown in Tutorial Sheet 2 Problem E but with the addition of the opacity.Hence where with and Hence as in Qua. Q. Q. Material balance on tank rate of change of mass floodwater = mass flow in mass flow out assume constant density 0 and scene of action Given , A = 7 mm, R = 0. 14 her/mm and Sin = 100 mm/her interchange gives Tutorial Answers 5, 6 IQ Bookwork straight from notes Ask in a tutorial if stuck and/or use MENTAL to generate solutions and disclose a superchargest you work. E. G. For 1st of these t=alliances(O,2,100) ext=subs(x,t) fugue(l reset Q Throughout Q assume a model of the form Steady-state is 0. 6. initial value is -1. Rise is given as 1. . 63% of rise is given by which implies x(t) has this value at about t=O. 25 sec and therefore T=O. 25, Steady-state is 30. Initial value is 2. Rise is given as 28. 63% of rise is given by 0. 63*28=17. 64 which implies x(t)=19. 64. X(t) has this value at about t=5 sec and therefore T=5, k=30. Steady-state i s 50. Initial value is 20. Rise is given as 30. 63% of rise is given by 0. 63*30=18. 9 which implies x(t)=38. 9. X(t) has this value at about t=50 sec and therefore T=50, k=50. Q Maximum current is at t=O and given as V/R thusly R=V/I = 5/0. 004 = mashes.Time constant is given by ARC, so T=ms implies that C=. 005/ one hundred twenty-five0 = 4 micro. Q Parameters give a time constant of cosec so after 30 sec aircraft at 95% of steady-state land speed. 1 MPH is the same as mutterer pH or (1609/3600)m/s MPH is the same as mom/s Steady-state is given as f/B. Therefore min f required is BIB scaled by (11. 95) to be precise. Q Model is magnanimous/dot +xx=f or (B/k) DXL/dot +x =f/k Desired time constant is about 0. Sec, therefore (B/k)=O. 8 so k=NON/m Steady-state displacement is given as (1 /k)f = 0. 04, and therefore f=AN is required. Tutorial Answers 7 1 .Find the Lovelace qualify of the spare-time activity signals Students should use MENTAL to weaken their working here, e. G. Ray the command 2. Use partial fractions, a lookup table and inverse Lovelace to pose the underlying signals with the following transforms. Students should use MAT to check their working, e. G. 3. What is the final value for signals with the following transforms? Use the stone but note that (I) there is no final value if the signal is divergent which is the case for fifth (obvious from negative sign) and (it) for convergent signals, the final value must be zero if there is no integrator.Hence only when second and 6th have a non-zero values which must be 4 and 0. 5 respectively. 4. Which of the following transforms has the fastest settling time? What are the settling times to within 5% of steady-state? Time constants are negative inverses of poles. One can estimate time to 5% error as approximately threesome times bumper-to-bumper time constant (exact for 1st order but no strict evocation when many poles due to uncertainty about partial fractions). Time constant is the negative in verse of the pole. So pole at -0. 25 gives T=4, etc. 5. Sketch the poles and zeros of the following transforms on an Regard diagram.By scrape the LAP and RAP clearly, hence determine which represent stable and unstable behavior. Students should use MENTAL to check their working for his, for example, doing 4th as follows will produce a fugue with poles marked in Y and zeros in o Systems are stable if and only if all the poles are in the LAP the origin is counted as being in the LAP. The positions of the zeros do not affect stability. Tutorial Answers 8 1 . The inverse Lovelace transform of a maneuver function is called the impulse rejoinder function. If a system has an impulse response function given by g(t) t(l-sin(t)).Compute its transfer function, G(s). 2. Use Lovelace methods to solve the following ODE equations. 3. Give examples of token O, type 1 and type 2 systems. Has does this affect the expect behavior? Bookwork 4. Which of the following transforms for 1st order ODES h as the highest gain? What are the gains? What are the time constants? Determine and sketch the step responses for each of these. Gains are 4, 3, 1. 5 and 1. 125 respectively. Time constants are 4, 0. 2, 1. 25, 0. 5 respectively. As these are 1st order, sketching step response follows same procedures as tutorial 5,6.Tutorial Answers 9, 10 1 . Bookwork read some control text books to broaden your views on the uses and potential of control. 2. This is also straight from the notes but your understanding will also be improved by some wider reading. Dont rightful(prenominal) stick to your main discipline, but look at examples from chemical, aerospace, automotive, medical, electrical, biological, etc. 3. Straightforward application of the Pit. 2nd set has an integrator and hence the offset is known to be zero. Otherwise, use formula. brook this with MENTAL, I. E. Plot is seen to slide down at 0. 52 4. The 1st part is taken direct from the lecture slides so not iterate here. The unope n-loop time constant and rise time are Time constant +AKA), closed-loop game = AKA/(I+AKA), where A=4/5, -r=o. 2 Hence 0. 2/(1 +K/5)O. 8 which gives K 4+3. K or 0. K4 or K5. Confirm this using MENTAL, ii. Use G=TFH(4,1 %% plot in a figure It is clear that the time closed loop pole polynomial is (s+ 1 +AKA/T) and hence the pole is in the LAP for all positive K which implies closed-loop stability. Discussion of large K is bookwork read some text books. 5.This marvel is designed to make a student think and experiment. To meet specifications, the closed-loop is given as Clearly the steady-state gain is unity as expected so the offset requirement is met. The closed-loop poles are determined from the roots of the denominator and we want the poles to be to the left of -2. 5 e. (s+2. 5) is equivalent to (0. As+1). Both roots can be placed at 2. 5 if In the future students will recognize that lower values of K will give a laggard pole and higher values of K will give rise to oscillation. 6. Standard question.Form closed-loop transfer function and find characteristic polynomial for all 3 cases. You will need to do the partial fractions for all 3 and sketch, but you can use MENTAL to check your answers. E. G form the three closed-loop transfer functions and then type feedback(GO,GO,GO) to see all 3 together. N.B. 63 is seem 2 content. Clearly Just proportional is fastest, but gives a large offset. GIG is smooth (2 real poles) ND no offset. provided poles are well spaced so this is conservative. 63 has similar response time to GIG (same slowest time constant), but has complex poles and thus oscillation.Conclusion, PI is best Typical exam type question outline answer a) Let the internal temperature be given as T degrees. The rate of commove supplied is given as The heat loss OHIO(T+50) Hence the temperature is given by In steady-state we desire T=20 which implies that b) If the external temperature drops by 10 degrees, then the model becomes which implies the new stea dy-state temperature will be 6 degrees The time constant is clearly 1000 sec. Students should sketch a graph showing the temperature moving from 20 to 6 with the appropriate time constant. ) If the heat input from the passengers is increased, the model becomes In the case, the change in temperature is measly which suggests that for this scenario the key factor is the external temperature and heaters rather than any heat coming from the passengers. D) Clearly the open-loop choice of voltage does not maintain the temperature set uply in general and so some control is needed. It is known that the correct steady-state can only be achieved in the presence of uncertainty if integral action is included.The steady-state error too change in desired temperature is given by because K(O) is infinite, irrespective of changes in the gain of G or disturbances such as changes in external temperature Students should first put the equations for the model and integral control law into Lovelace trans forms about the steady-state Hence The closed-loop transfer function is given as Students should validate that the time constants are conjectural and that the closed- loop is stable The time constants are given from the roots of the closed-loop denominator. Students should note that these are similar to the sure time constant and thus satisfactory.

Don Quixote Essay

fabrication and Metafiction in Borges Ficciones and Cervantes Don Quixote dela Mancha Unbelievable and amazing may perhaps best describe the belles-lettres that the world has as of the moment. It is unbelievable because who would have thought that the wide spectrum of literary actions would be so great in number? At the same time, it is amazing as the progress and report which literary civilises has gone through atomic number 18 truly marvelous.The literary works which be within humanitys reach are incomparable to what pack back then had. The literary works of the moment which are within humanitys reach is a compilation of history, art, language, the sciences, and politics of every generation, culture, and nation. Truly, literature has much(prenominal)(prenominal) a monumental scope within its pages that almosttimes, a mortal may be lost with so many things literature has to offer. Literature is both fact and fiction and is inspired both by history and creative imaginati on.The elements within literature are all reflections of the strongities of society, but these things mass still be considered as fictitiousafter all, fact is fact and pure equitynothing more. But what if something fictional fronts so real that it seems to be factual and adjust? What if a person or a nature which is salutary imagined seems to be a real person of this world? What if the line between reality and imagined is confusing and seems to be separated by nothing at all?Two sources by the name of Jorge Luis Borges and Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra are the answers to such questions. Saavedra who wrote (or supposedly re-wrote) the famous adventure of Don Quixote dela Mancha and Jorge Luis Borges who wrote the seventeen literary pieces contained within Ficciones are fictional writers. When a person talks about fiction, it usually pertains to one thingcreated by the imagination. Thus, it means that any work of fiction is merely invented by any person and that any fictional work is not true, is false, and can never be a fact.Yet, Saavedra and Borges have created literary works which are fictional but they seem so real and true that a person is left to believe that they are indeed the truthmetafiction. Metafiction, according to Patricia Waugh, is a term given to fictional writing which self-consciously and systematically draws attention to its stance as an artifact in order to pose questions about the relationship between fiction and reality (qtd. in Liu). Thus, metafiction is indeed fictional and from the imagination, and it aims to confuse readers about what is real and what is merely created by a person.How does a person achieve this? Again, according to Patricia Waugh, such writings not only examine the fundamental structures of annals fiction, they also explore the possible fictionality of the world outside the literary fictional text (qtd. in Liu). Thus, an author creates a fictional world and creates another fictional world within the already imagined worldcreating a metafictional world. In Borges Ficciones and Saavedras Don Quixote dela Manchathis metafictional world is truly what they have conjured up.Ficciones is a book which contains seventeen fictional literary pieces that seem to be real. Each piece has its own world, own elements of characters, settings, and even at some point, its own mind and language. There are pieces such as the Library of Babel that appears to be real and true that a reader also wants to believe that such place is true. In that particular piece (from break in One of the book), Borges describes a library in length and in awe.The whole thing seems to be an basis to a novel of some sort, and yet at the same time, it also seems to come from a real book full of factual evidences that such a library exists. In the following excerpt, Borges describes the library and the people who are fascinated with it When it was proclaimed that the Library comprised all books, the first impression was one of ex travagant joy. both men felt themselves of a secret, intact treasure. The universe was justified, the universe suddenly expanded to the limitless dimensions of accept (83).However, further in the Library of Babel, Borges even talks of mystical books such as the Vindications which are books of acknowledgment and prophesy which vindicated for all time the actions of every man in the world and established a store of prodigious arcana for the future (83). What Borges has created is a fictional world, but a reader may divulge that world to be so palpable and genuine that it appears to be impossible that it is just imagined. The same decision can be given to Saavedra and his work on Don Quixote dela Mancha.In Saavedras work, the book is divided up into two partsone is the tale or adventure itself of Don Quixote and the second part is the metafictional work wherein the author talks directly to the readers and even to the characters that they all seem to be real people when clearly, t hey are all imagined. The ridiculous adventure of Don Quixote and his squire Sancho Panza is so preposterous (as with the example of the enchanted nipper girl or the basin turned into a knights helmet), far-fetched, and humorous that a person will not for a second think that the entire tale is true.However, when Saavedra writes the second part of the book, doubts and hesitations interchange the earlier convictions. For example, in the first part, Saavedra writes about a Dulcinea who was believed by Don Quixote to be a princess in disguise of a peasant girl when in fact, she really is a peasant girl. Later on though, Saavedra explains this turn of events in Don Quixotes life I have reason to think that Sanchos artifice to deceive his mater, and make him believe the peasant girl to be Dulcinea enchanted, was in fact, all a contrivance of some one of the magicians who persecute Don Quixote (369). Therefore, Saavedra has created two worldsone that is entirely fictional wherein the cha racter of Don Quixote resides, and the other is metaficitonal wherein the character of Don Quixote does reside still but which it is explained why he has such ridiculous notions of chivalry and enchantments. In conclusion, though metafiction may seem to be such a intricate and wondrous thing, it cannot exist without a person knowing first what is fictional. Metafiction exists in the world of fictiona person cannot write or create a metafictional world without going into a fictional one.That is like a person wanting to break the rules without knowing what were the rules in the first place. Literature is truly Byzantine but at the same time unbelievable and amazingSaavedra and Borges can attest to that. Works Cited Borges, Jorge Luis. Ficciones. rising York Grove Press, 1962. Saavedra, Miguel de Cervantes. Don Quixote dela Mancha. New York Penguin Group Incorporated, 1957. Lui, Kate. Theories of Metafiction. Postmodern Theories and Texts. 1998. Department of English Language and Literature, Fu Jen University. 4 Aug. 2009.

Absolute and Comparative Advantage Essay

An individual, a firm, a region, or a county may develop an area of specialization naturally, but frequently choices mustiness be made to determine what to produce for exchange or trade. Producers should concentrate on the activity in which the)- constitute an absolute advantage. An absolute advantage is the ability to product a good or service victimization fewer resources than other producers use. In the United States, this situation occurs when unmatched region of a country is much suited than another for producing certain products.Florida can grow oranges using fewer resources than Iowa, where heated kilobytehouses would be necessary. Iowa has vast, flat acreage and can produce corn much more efficiently than could Florida. Thus, Florida severalises in oranges while Iowa concentrates on com. and the products are exchanged through the marketplace. When each of two parties has an absolute advantage everyplace the other in producing a particular good or service, it is easy fo r both to decide their areas of specialization. except what happens when one society can produce both goods and services more efficiently than a second party?Should the party with the absolute advantage produce both products for itself? Although this party has the advantage in producing cither good, it should specialize in producing the good in which it has a comparative advantage. Comparative advantage is the ability to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than other producers facc. 1his means lerting the other party produce the good in which it has the lower opportunity cost. Total product will be greater, and exchange will allow both parties to have both goods. Suppose a woman can make $100 per time of day as a marketing consultant.Part of her form includes preparing reports for her clients. Suppose that in addition to being a first-class consultant, she is more efficient at excogitate processing than anyone she might hire to key the reports. Thus, she migh t be able to key in one hour what it takes an assistant two hours to do. As a result, she reasons that, instead of hiring an assistant to do the work, she should do it herself. Is she chastise to do her own keying as well as consulting? If she docs her own keying, she still must take an hour each day from her consulting to do so.The opportunity cost of keying is the S100 she could have earned consulting. The opportunity cost of consulting is the S20 she must pay an assistant to key the reports. Therefore, if she hires an assistant, she can devote her hill time or consulting. I lead gross earnings will be $ 100 greater per day. After paying the assistant $20 for two hours work, she will still have additional net income of $80 per day. Thus, the marketing consultant is bcucr-off specializing overflowing time in the service for which she has the greater comparative advantage.

Module 3: Drug Essay

Are drug companies that test data-based drugs in distant countries acting honestly? In my opinion, a lot of people in foreign countries are uneducated and therefore, may non fully rede the risks, complications and side effects of these experimental drugs. If they do not have the means to adequately research the drug prior to testing it, they may closedown up doing so without fully empathizeing what potential side effects are involved. I am not sure how well companies educate these foreign countries and or people involved in the persona study. If these people are not educated properly than it is unethical for them to test experimental drugs on them. Is the Statesn industry at too much risk of lawsuits to remain competitive? Should companies move to develop drugs be given immunity from lawsuits? The American industry is at risk for lawsuits. I believe people treat now days for almost anything. However, it is not too much of a risk to remain competitive.America is one of the richest countries in the world. I come up China is our biggest competition. We must continue to advance our technology, enhance our products and serve and look for newly ideas and inventions in order to remain competitive. There leave behind always be a risk of lawsuits but I do not feel is would stop us from being competitive. Companies trying to develop drugs should not be given immunity from lawsuits. I know that by developing and inventing new drugs, companies are trying to remain competitive and find cures or medicines to help people. However, some of the side effects that are related to these drugs are horrendous and can cause permanent damage. I also guess that most side effects are disclosed to people who take these new drugs however not all side effects are known with these new drugs and some of them can lead to death. It may not be the companys intention to cause death or some different serious deficiency but it happens and when it does, the individual should have to right to sue for medical related exist and pain and suffering. Is it ethical for companies to decline to cuckold a useful drug because they can work on much specie marketing drugs that are more widely needed? Is it ethical for companies to decline to dispense a useful drug in a foreign domain because they can make more money marketing the drug elsewhere? I personally feel that it is neither ethical nor unethical for a company to decline to sell a useful drug just because they can make more money marketing drugs that are more widely needed.It really is up to the company what drugs they want to sellhowever if a drug is usable that go forth help people and or cure disease, it should be made available and companies should sell it. From a business stand point I can understand why they would want to market only drugs that are more widely needed as it will make them more money however by offering or selling drugs that are useful, they will rasetually gain more recognition and t hat could lead to a competitive advantage. As for whether or not it is ethical for companies to decline selling a useful drug in a foreign country because they can make more money marketing the drug elsewhere, I am again neither in agreement or disagreement on this one. It is a companys chose where and to whom they want to sell drugs to. However, in poor countries, people cannot easily afford anything. Companies would have to reduce their price significantly even by selling in bulk. If they sell to China or other countries that can afford the drugs, I am sure they would do so but they also risk losing money.Do companies have an ethical obligation to make drugs available in poor countries at teentsy or no cost? I personally feel that companies do not have an ethical obligation to make drugs available in poor countries at little or no cost. I certainly can understand that people in other countries have it very hard. A lot of people have little or no money and can barely afford to fee d their family and or children let alone(predicate) afford health care and or drugs. However, by making drugs available at little to no cost, people will be able to sell it and use it illegally creating an even bigger problem. plenty will smuggle it into the United States as they do now with street drugs. It is unfortunate that people with heartfelt intentions who will use the drugs and or medication for what it is prescribe for have to suffer because of those people whose intentions are not so good. Those free and or lost cost drugs will be another way for criminals to make money. I do not think it is a good idea nor do I feel that companies have any type of moral or ethical obligation to do this.

Career Trends in Information Technology Essay

The information technology industry is always changing and evolving, and 2013 looks to be no different. The dramatic rate of change in technology is great for innovation and increased moving in efficiency but buttocks also cause problems for m whatever organizations. The unfermented changes and breakthroughs in technology subscribe organizations to re unravel employees that are experienced and up-to-date on the new technologies. Often, this can pose a scrap for businesses because the talent pool is split between recent grads with little experience or longer tenure employees whose skills may not be up to date with the newer tech advances. A recent study of IT executives conducted by computing deviceworld outlines what the nigh popular and in demand tech skills will be in the future.1. Programming and coating Development60% of the IT executives surveyed claimed they plan to hire employees with programming and application schooling skills. This need for programming and nurtur e skills stems from organizations trying to implement new programs, products and services. Organizations want to offer their customers the positive experience with their products, and having the newest technology is usu tout ensembley the lift out way for them to accomplish that. A majority of the industry professionals expressed that they will specifically be looking for for people with experience in Java, J2EE and .Net.2. Project Management40% of employers plan to hire individuals with project perplexity skills in 2013. It seems obvious that the organizations requiring programming and application development skills will also need individuals to plan, oversee, and execute the new projects and initiatives. Newer technologies lead to increased demand for project managers mainly collectable to the new projects being much complex. IT executives desire project managers that be in possession of a proven track record for success, display leadership, and show great economic aid to detail.3. SecuritySecurity has been and always will be a major issue for IT leaders. The bane of selective information and identity theft is very real, and protecting that information is imperative. The increased demand for specialized security individuals can be attributed to much complex systems, larger amounts of entropy, and organizational policies such(prenominal) as bring-your-own-device (BYOD.) These items will make it more difficult to monitor and keep secure data and information. 27% of IT leaders plan to hire more security professionals in 2013, and the majority of those leaders want the professionals to have expertise in encryption technology, deploying firewalls, threat detection tools, and high levels of business acumen.4. Help Desk/Technical SupportExpected system and program updates for organizations in 2013 will lead to the increased demand for tech support professionals. 35% of IT executives surveyed said they plan to hire help desk or tech support individuals d ue to the need to monitor and support the new programs and systems created by their organizations. Implementing new systems can lead to questions and confusion when using the systems, and tech support individuals will be requisite to support the increased number of inquiries.Roles of Responsibilities of Employers and EmployeesEmployers and employees work together on a daily basis and have very different roles and duties. These primary roles and duties have remained fairly static over date despite changes in technology that have made business more global and efficient. They define what workers are supposed to do on a daily basis without delving into specific job descriptions and thus establish a al-Qaida for the kind of relationship employers and employees should expect.Employer ResponsibilitiesTo provide and maintain* a safe working environment* adequate resources, information, readying and supervision* an effective health and golosh program* to establish a assist for identify ing, assessing and controlling risksTo batten down that* relevant laws are complied with* workplace rules, procedures and methods are developed and maintainedTo prepare and maintain OHS&W policies in consultation with* health and safety committees* Employees* Elected Health and refuge Representatives* Unions, if requested by an employee* And if the employer chooses, a registered employer connective of which the employer is a member,Employees ResponsibilitiesWorkers responsibilities are* to not place themselves at risk* to not knowingly put others in danger* to follow safe working procedures* to use machinery and equipment safely* to not let drugs or alcoholic beverage affect their work.* to report each hazards they may notice in their workplace* to apply any educate they have received.Responsibilities Of Employers Towards HSRs And HSCsAn employer must-* Consult any relevant Health and Safety Representatives and Health and Safety commissioning on the occupational health, safe ty and welfare practices, procedures and policies that are to be followed * Consult any relevant Health and Safety Representatives and Health and Safety Committee on any proposed changes to any workplaces such as the workplace itself,plant,substances used, handled, processed or storednature of work to be conducted,procedures for carrying out workwhere those changes might effect the health, safety and welfare of employees at the workplace. * At the request of the employee, permit a Health and Safety Representative to be present at any interview concerning occupational health, safety and welfare between the employer and the employee * let any relevant Health and Safety Representative to accompany an inspector during a workplace inspection * Permit a Health and SafetyRepresentative to have access to such information as the employer possesses or can reasonably obtain- relating to workplace risks,concerning the health and safety of the employees and, when requested to do so, supply a co py of that information to the Health and Safety Representative * Immediately notify a Health and Safety Representative of the occurrence of an accident,dangerous occurrence,imminent danger or risk orhazardous unequal letter* Notify a Health and Safety Representative of the occurrence of any work-related injury * Provide such facilities and assistance to Health and Safety Representatives as are necessary to enable them to perform their functions low this wreak. This includes time off, without loss of income, to perform duties as Health and Safety Representatives, and to at endure approved training courses (minimum of 5 age per year).Mechanisms for fast-paced and stressful work environmentAll of us live incredibly fast paced lives. We commute to work and for some(prenominal) people the ride to work is getting longer as people move to more distant locations in the suburbs and rural areas. The journey to work is complex. Drivers are faced with traffic accidents and jams that oft cause lateness. Many employers are not sympathetic to the reasons for lateness. Instead of sympathy they demand that people surrender for work even earlier. Once at work, there are enormous pressures to be productive. The nature of many careers is that productivity includes the need to think creatively. However, it can be difficult to think creatively if someone is worn-out(a) and stressed once they arrive at work. According to an article in the September 2005 edition of scientific American it is suggested that in order to maintain the ability to be productive as well as creative, it is necessary to take a twenty refined break from work and go on a mental spend.By mental vacation is meant that you close your eyes and imagine your self in the most relaxing, beautiful and serene place that you can. In other words, this is a kind of self hypnosis or optic meditation that actually reduces the levels of stress hormones excreted into the cardio vascular system resulting in the reduc tion of stress and exhaustion. The article urges that a nap not be taken because this dulls thinking and does not necessarily reduce stress. However, the mental vacation sharpens the ability to think and reason after the fifteen to twenty minute journey is over. In doing this visual image it is important to imagine all of the sensory experiences that would go along with the actual trip. If you are at the set down on your journey, smell the ocean water and hear the sounds of the surf hitting up against the shore.If twenty legal proceeding in one lump of time is too much then a ten minute break will help, especially if repeated during the day as pressure builds up. Working in a fast-paced environment can induce stress in many employees. According to the Helpguide website, people tend to match to stress in three distinctive ways Some freeze up under pressure, others become frustrated and angry and the remaining withdraw or become aloof. In order to be productive in a high-paced, dr iven work environment, you must know your own limitations and reactions. Survival depends on developing the right mental, physical and practical skill set to manage any hectic, stressful daub to the best of your ability.Industry-related lawsRegulationsComputer Law is concerned with controlling and securing information stored on and transmitted between computers. Computer networks contain and store a great deal of private digital information data on identities, internet access and usage credit cards financial information and information for electronic occupation technical, trade and government secrets mailing lists medical records and much more.It is illegal to maliciously erase this type of data acquire proprietary information manipulate said data to obtain funds illegally, through patois withdrawals and transfers, identity theft and credit card use and to access and use any of this data for any other reason, without authorization. Computer crime and criminal information law are relatively young phenomena. A first historical analysis indicates that each new development of computer technology was followed by a corresponding adaptation of crime as well as by legislative changes. A short overview using the example of Germany illustrates this adaptation of crime and information law to the new information technologies.It also indicates that this process started gradually at first, but then continued at an increasing pace From the beginning of the mid-fifties computers were introduced in industry and administration to control routine processes. As late as 20 geezerhood after that time, the first cases of computer manipulation, computer sabotage and computer espionage became known. Only in 1986 did the German legislator react with the Second Act for the Prevention of Economic Crime. On the other hand, the mass processing of personal data in electronic data banks since the 1960s was soon regarded as a danger to privacy. In Germany, the first law that took thi s development into account was enacted in 1970. The open networks of the 1970s soon led to corresponding misuses in the form of hacking, which the Law Committee of the German Parliament could still consider in the Second Act for the Prevention of Economic Crime in 1986. The mass phenomenon of program piracy came along simultaneously with the feast of personal computers in the 1980s, forcing the legislator to carry out different reform measures from 1985 onwards. The use of automated teller machines in the 1980s, too, was immediately followed by new ways of code card misuses, which already represented criminal offenses due to the reforms of the Second Act for the Prevention of Economic Crime. Today, electronic post services, mailboxes, ISDN as well as the development of close links between data processing and telecommunication are used by neo-nazi groups, perpetrators in the field of economic crime and organized criminals Computer technology and telecommunication have not further become part of general life, but also of general crime. The changes that these new technologies caused in criminal adjectival law do therefore not only concern traditional computer offenses, but all kinds of crime.